ABSTRACT Introduction The effects of temperature have largely been under-examined in climate change studies. This study examines both direct and indirect on environmental degradation using the sample 103 middle-income countries from 1985 to 2019. Unlike previous studies which a single equation approach is utilized, our considers simultaneous equations modelling examine energy-growth-environment...

The objective of this study is to measure the environmental degradation in states and regions of Brazil in order to map this phenomenon throughout the country from the construction of a Degradation Index (ID). Data were calculated for 137 Brazilian mesoregions. Thus, it was calculated the ID average for the 26 states and the Federal District and for the five regions that comprise the Brazilian ...

Understanding the mutual logic between environment and poverty mitigation is vital for achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study conducts a bibliometric review of available literature on environmental degradation summarizes existing researches. By applying suitable keywords, we retrieved 175 peer-reviewed articles from Web Science published 1993 2020. We utilized...