biomarkers are assigned as early warning systems regarding aquatic organisms exposed to pollutants. among which, however, measurement of esterase enzymes activity specially cholinesterase of fish tissues, is a marker for exposure to organophosphate pesticide and carbamates, and this biomarker has been used widely in broad range of investigations. a number of capoeta capoeta gracilis (:cyprinida...

Three consecutive alkyl esters methyl (1), ethyl (2) and isopropyl (3) were synthesized from naproxen by direct Fischer esterification reaction evaluated for their in vivo silico analgesic antiinflammatory activities. Methyl ester showed potent peripheral analgesia with 82.09% 82.59% writhing inhibition, respectively compared to that of (64.68% inhibition) at equivalent dose 25 mg/kg bw. In stu...

Alzheimer?s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative leading to irreversible neuronal damage. Kanuka or Kunzea ericoides (A. Richard) revealed remarkable inhibition of ?-secretase activity, an important enzyme for AD. This study presents optimization the ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) inhibitors and antioxidants from K. leaves, yield by response surface methodology (RSM). Experimental validati...