Subjective Logic has operators for conditional deduction and conditional abduction where subjective opinions are input arguments. With these operators traditional Bayesian reasoning can be generalised from taking only probabilistic arguments to also taking opinions as arguments, thereby allowing Bayesian modeling of situations affected by uncertainty and incomplete information. Conditional dedu...

In an experimental investigation of NPIs and their licensing conditions in German, Richter & Radó (2013) showed that Weak Licensors can partially license Strong NPIs. In two experiments we investigate these results for English. In Experiment 1 we empirically identify 16 Strong and 16 Weak NPIs by examining their acceptability when licensed by sentential negation and weak adverb licensors and fi...

According to the Principle of Conditional Non-Contradiction (CNC), conditionals of the form “If p, q” and “If p, not q” cannot both be true, unless p is inconsistent. This principle is widely regarded as an adequacy constraint on any semantics that attributes truth conditions to conditionals. Gibbard has presented an example of a pair of conditionals that, in the context he describes, appear to...

Abstract The literature on indicative conditionals contains two appealing views. first is the selectional view: this view, operate by selecting a single possibility, which used to evaluate consequent. second informational don’t express propositions, but rather impose constraints information states of speakers. Both views are supported strong arguments, they incompatible their standard formulati...

"Starting with group graded Morita equivalences, we obtain equivalences for tensor products and wreath products."

Conditionals (in particular indicatives) give rise to stand-offs that have become well known from Gibbard’s initial Sly Pete example. The stand-offs can be seen as evidence for the context-sensitivity of (indicative) conditionals and arguably do not involve disagreement. I claim that the latter feature lends credibility to an indexical treatment of indicatives. 1. Conditionals in stand-off envi...

According to the Ramsey Test, conditionals reflect changes of beliefs: α > β is accepted in a belief state iff β is accepted in the minimal revision of it that is necessary to accommodate α. Since Gärdenfors’s seminal paper of 1986, a series of impossibility theorems (“triviality theorems”) has seemed to show that the Ramsey test is not a viable analysis of conditionals if it is combined with A...

Conditionals of one kind or another are the dominant form of knowledge representation in Artificial Intelligence. However, despite the fact that they play a key role in such different formalisms as production systems and logic programming, there has been little effort made to study the relationships between these different kinds of conditionals. In this paper I present a framework that attempts...

In Lowe (1995), instead of endorsing a Stalnaker/Lewis-style account of counterfactuals, E. J. Lowe claims that a variation of C. I. Lewis’s strict implication alone captures the essence of everyday conditionals and avoids the paradoxes of strict implication. However, Lowe’s approach fails to account for the validity of simple and straightforward arguments such as ‘if 2=3 then 2+1=3+1’, and Hey...