BACKGROUND Portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis causes manifestations such as esophageal varices, ascites and edema. Some studies have been conducted about the role of esophageal varices in the development of esophageal motor disorders and abnormal gastroesophageal reflux in these patients. Ascites could be a factor promoting gastroesophageal reflux and it has been questioned wh...

AIM To investigate the association between plasma concentrations of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and formation of esophageal varices. METHODS Thirty-five patients with alcoholic cirrhosis were divided into three groups according to the Child-Pugh classification: grade A (n=11, 32%), B (n=12, 34%), and C (n=12, 34%). System hemodynamic parameters were measured using sp...

Patients with decompensated hepatic cirrhosis may present systemic alterations and dysfunction of multiple organs. Ascites, portal hypertension, esophageal varices, encephalopathy are common complications arising from cirrhosis. The aim this paper is to report a case patient liver the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Male, elderly, ex-alcoholic, diagnosed cirrhosis, ascites, varic...

Esophagogastric varices are considered to be the most common complication in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic ultrasonography not only visualizes the surface of the varices but also provides detailed information about their internal structure. The direction of blood flow can be determined and its velocity measured only via endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS). This can ...

A 68-year-old man with hemophilia A and liver cirrhosis caused by hepatitis C virus was referred to our hospital to receive prophylactic endoscopic treatment for gastroesophageal varices (GOV). He had large, tense, and winding esophageal varices (EV) with cherry red spots extending down to lesser curve, predicting the likelihood of bleeding. Esophageal endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) w...

Ectopic varices (those outside of the gastro-esophageal region) are occasionally found on endoscopy in patients with portal hypertension; however they account for a small minority of all variceal bleeds. Cases of isolated cecal varices are quite rare and, when described, often present with acute hemorrhage or evidence of occult bleeding. We present the case of a 29-year-old male with a history ...

After an episode of acute bleeding from esophageal varices, patients are at a high risk for recurrent bleeding and death. However, there are few reports regarding the long-term results of secondary prophylaxis using endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) against variceal rebleeding in pediatrics. Thirty-seven, who were followed for over 3 yr post-eradication, were included in the study. The mean du...

AIM To determine whether diameters of the left gastric vein (LGV) and its originating vein are associated with endoscopic grades of esophageal varices. METHODS Ninety-eight liver cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) portography, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for grading esophageal varices were enrolled. Diameters of the LGV and its originating vein - t...

OBJECTIVES Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), a recently developed method for controlling active variceal bleeding and eradicating esophageal varices, has similar efficacy to endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) and is known to have a minimal risk of complications and fewer complications in the lower esophagus. However, since the site of EVL is chiefly done in the lower esophagus, we prosp...

Acute bleeding from esophageal varices is a medical emergency. It requires a structured therapeutic strategy which is adapted to the local resources. The primary goal is to stop bleeding, preferably by endoscopic sclerotherapy or ligation. In situations where endoscopic intervention is not possible as a first-line treatment, therapy with balloon tamponade or vasoactive drugs (terlipressin or oc...