The cover image is based on the Research Article Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy expands stromal populations that predict poor prognosis in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer by Heather M. Brechbuhl et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.23377.

PURPOSE The purpose of this research was to determine whether estrogen receptor alpha specifically phosphorylated at Ser(118) is associated with clinical outcome in primary breast tumors from estrogen receptor-positive and node-negative breast cancer patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Estrogen receptor alpha specifically phosphorylated at Ser(118) was determined by immunohistochemistry in 117 prim...

Clinical observations suggest that postmenopausal women have a higher incidence of aneurysmal rupture than premenopausal women. We hypothesize that a relative deficiency in estrogen may increase the risks of aneurysmal growth and subarachnoid hemorrhage in postmenopausal women. We assessed the effects of estrogen and selective estrogen receptor subtype agonists on the development of aneurysmal ...

background: vitamin d plays a critical role in the regulation of growth and differentiation of squamous epithelium. the pleiotropic effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 [1,25(oh)2d3], include proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and pro-differentiation effects on numerous cell types. although 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 is involved in the regulation and differentiation of epithelium, there is no data in t...

Estrogen receptor function can drive cyclin D1 expression and proliferation in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Recent studies showing that estrogen receptor-positive epithelial cells in the human mammary gland are nonproliferative suggest that the direct mitogenic effect of estrogen on mammary epithelial cells may be acquired during breast cancer development. Because estrogen-dependent cycli...

Research has shown that obesity increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type DM) by promoting insulin resistance, serum estrogen levels upregulation of aromatase, and promotes release reactive oxygen species (ROS) macrophages. Increased circulating glucose been to activate mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR), a significant signaling pathway in breast cancer pathogenesis. Estrogen plays a...

Both cyclin D1 and estrogens have an essential role in regulating proliferation of breast epithelial cells. We show here a novel role for cyclin D1 in growth regulation of estrogen-responsive tissues by potentiating transcription of estrogen receptor-regulated genes. Cyclin D1 mediates this activation independent of complex formation to a CDK partner. Cyclin D1 activates estrogen receptor-media...