UNLABELLED There is some disagreement about whether the PetCO2 is reliable in predicting the PaCO2 in laparoscopic procedures with CO2 inflation. The aim of the present study is to measure the Pa-etCO2 differences over time in healthy patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery with different ventilation methods. METHODS After intubation, patients were randomized into three groups....

Background Acid base alterations occur during laparoscopy with carbon dioxide insufflation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low tidal volume ventilation on acid base status during pneumoperitonium. Materials and Methods 30 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under General Anaesthesia were ventilated with tidal volume of 6 ml/kg and respiratory rate of 12 breat...

In a recent issue of Critical Care, Mally and colleagues reported outcomes from an observational study of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Slovenia. Multivariable analysis identified independent predictors for hospital discharge, including higher end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) levels, higher mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the recency (years) of the arrest. ETCO2 has been previously demons...

BACKGROUND Patients undergone mechanical ventilation need rapid and reliable evaluation of their respiratory status. Monitoring of End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) as a surrogate, noninvasive measurement of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is one of the methods used for this purpose in intubated patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present trial was to study the relationship between end-tidal C...

BACKGROUND Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. In paediatric populations an end tidal capnography value greater than 36 mmHg was found to be 100 % sensitive in ruling out DKA. METHODS A cross sectional observational study of adults ≥ 17 years of age presenting to the emergency department between January 2014 and...

BACKGROUND For healthcare providers in the prehospital setting, bag-valve mask (BVM) ventilation could be as efficacious and safe as endotracheal intubation. To facilitate the evaluation of efficacious ventilation, capnographs have been further developed into small and convenient devices able to provide end- tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2). The aim of this study was to investigate whether a new po...

BACKGROUND The pleth variability index (PVI), which is calculated from respiratory variations in the perfusion index (PI), has been shown to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients; however, vasomotor tone changes induced by hypercapnia can affect PI and hence may slim down the accuracy of PVI. This study was designed to find out the impact of mild hypercapnia on PVI. ...

BACKGROUND Rapid evaluation and management of intracranial pressure (ICP) can help to early detection of increased ICP and improve postoperative outcomes in neurocritically-ill patients. Sonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a non-invasive method of evaluating increased intracranial pressure at the bedside. In the present study, we hypothesized that sonographic ONSD, ...

BACKGROUND Effective O2 delivery and accurate end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) sampling are essential features of nasal cannulae (NCs) in patients with compromised respiratory status. We studied 4 NC designs: bifurcated nasal prongs (NPs) with O2 delivery and CO2 sensing in both NPs (Hudson), separate O2/CO2 NPs (Salter), and CO2 sensing in NPs with cloud O2 delivery outside the NPs via multi vents (Oridi...

1. Both hypoxia and hypocapnia can cause broncho-constriction in humans, and this could have a bearing on performance at high altitude or contribute to altitude sickness. We studied the relationship between spirometry, arterial oxygen saturation and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) concentration in a group of healthy lowland adults during a stay at high altitude, and then evaluated the response...