Theory predicts that sexual reproduction provides evolutionary advantages over asexual reproduction by reducing mutational load and increasing adaptive potential. Here, we test the latter prediction in the context of plant defences against pathogens because pathogens frequently reduce plant fitness and drive the evolution of plant defences. Specifically, we ask whether sexual evening primrose p...

OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the effects of supplementation of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on vascular tone and endothelial function in healthy men and women aged 40 to 65 years. METHODS In a double-blind, randomised, placebo controlled study, 173 healthy volunteers took one of six oil supplements for 8 months. Supplements were placebo, oleic acid rich sunflower oil, evening primrose oil, soya bean oi...

Objective: To compare cervical ripening in women having evening primrose oil with those not taking it. Study Design: Retrospective Cohort study. Setting: Department of Obs & Gynae, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi. Period: July 2018 to April 2021. Material Method: Patients were divided into 2 groups, one (EPO) 1gm twice daily from 37 weeks till labor, given by her previous birth attendant. ...

Borage (Borago officinalis L., Boraginaceae) is an herbaceous annual (Janick et al. 1989). Current interest in this crop is for its seed which contains a high percentage of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (allcis 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid) in the oil. GLA is a precursor of the prostaglandin PGE1 in the human body (Willis 1981) which is vital in many body functions, such as antithrombotic inhibito...