In 2010 a mammal survey was conducted in an ecotone region (including páramo and temperate forest) on the eastern slope of the Andes in Sangay National Park, Ecuador. Sherman traps, Tomahawk traps, pitfall traps, and mist nets were used to collect mammal specimens at two sites (3,400 m elevation and 2,962 m elevation). A total of 169 specimens representing 14 species were collected from the sur...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder of central nervous system characterized by demyelination, inflammation, and axonal injury. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been defined as CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T-cells that play a critical role in maintaining self-tolerance and preventing autoimmune diseases. Dysfunction and decreased numbers of Tregs may lead to MS. Web of Science and PubMed databases were sear...

Chromosomes and their behaviour in spermatogenesis in Cimex species (Heteroptera, Cimicidae) from a bat species Myotis emarginatus were studied by using both a conventional staining method and sequence-specific fluorochromes CMA3 and DAPI. Spermatogonial metaphase revealed 28 autosomes, one large Y chromosome and four small X chromosomes. The Y was almost fully C-band positive as well as most t...

Daubenton’s bats Myotis daubentoni (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). J. Zool. 215, 113–132 (1988). 15. Krull, D., Schumm, A., Metzner, W. & Neuweiler, G. Foraging areas and foraging behavior in the notch-eared bat, Myotis emarginatus (Vespertilionidae). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 28, 247–253 (1991). 16. Schumm, A., Krull, D. & Neuweiler, G. Echolocation in the notch-eared bat, Myotis emarginatus. Be...