Since diesel exhaust gas has more ambient air pollutants such as NOx and particulate matters (PM) including soot, the special treatment for exhaust emission standards is needed. Recently, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) has been developed to reduce PM in the after-treatment of exhaust gas. However, since the structure of the filter is small and complex, it is impossible to examine the phenome...

Modern conventional submarines use diesel generators to provide power for propulsion and the hotel load. The governor, often a proportional-integral controller, attempts to maintain a constant speed by regulating the fuel flow to compensate for the back pressure disturbances due to the underwater exhaust. Poor control can cause fluctuating exhaust gas temperatures, leading to increased wear and...

In this paper combined Brayton–Rankine cycle was mathematically simulated. In the Matlab program package an adequate numerical procedure has been developed to determine the maximum thermal efficiency of the combined cycle limited by the temperature of exhaust gases at the entrance of the gas turbine and the temperature of the condensation of water vapour in the steam condenser. Furthermore, add...

The catalytic purification of automobile exhaust gases (CO, NOx and hydrocarbons) is one of the most practiced conversion processes used to lower the emissions and to reduce the air pollution. Nevertheless, the good performance of exhaust gas purification catalysts often requires the high consumption of noble metals such as platinum. Here we report that the Brønsted acid sites on the external s...

With ever increasing concern on oil prices and energy conservation, there is a fast growing interest in hybrid vehicles globally. Currently, all hybrid vehicles, including micro, mild and full hybrids, adopt internal combustion engines which are inefficient in general. The corresponding waste heat of exhaust gas constitutes up to 40% of the fuel consumption. So, it is a pressing need for resear...

It is well known that the acoustic performance of silencing elements decreases with an increase in exhaust gas flow. Tests were conducted on three orifice geometries of side-branches on an adaptive quarter-wave tube to determine which was the least compromised by the high-speed exhaust gas passing over the side-branch. The side-branch geometries that were tested were a sharp edge, a backward in...

Batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha using the recycled gas closed circuit culture system was conducted in order to develop a practical fermentation system for industrial autotrophic culture for poly (hydroxybutrate) production. The gas phase of the culture system consisted of substrate gas so that gases in this culture could be recycled as long as the amount of the gas consumed would be repleni...

This paper presents the results of laboratory studies on the condensational uptake of gaseous organic compounds in the exhaust of a light-duty gasoline engine onto preexisting sulfate and nitrate seed particles. Significant condensation of the gaseous organic compounds in the exhaust occurs onto these inorganic particles on a time scale of 2– 5 min. The amount of condensed organic mass (COM) is...

nitrogen oxides (nox) contribute to a wide range of environmental effects including the formation of acid rain and destroy ozone layer. in-cylinder high temperature flame and high oxygen concentration are the parameters which affect the nox emissions. the egr system is a very effective way for reducing nox emission from a diesel engine (via reduction of these parameters), particularly at the hi...

In this paper, a recurrent fuzzy-neural network (RFNN) controller with neural network identifier in direct control model is designed to control the speed and exhaust temperature of the gas turbine in a combined cycle power plant. Since the turbine operation in combined cycle unit is considered, speed and exhaust temperature of the gas turbine should be simultaneously controlled by fuel command ...