One application of graph theory is to analyze connectivity of neurons and axons in the brain. We begin with basic definitions from graph theory including the Cheeger constant, a measure of connectivity of a graph. In Section 2, we will examine expander graphs, which are very sparse yet highly connected. Surprisingly, not only do expander graphs exist, but most random graphs have the expander pr...

Expander codes count among the numerous applications of expander graphs. The term was first coined by Sipser and Spielman when they showed how expander graphs can be used to devise error-correcting codes with large blocklengths that can correct efficiently a constant fraction of errors. This approach has since proved to be a fertile avenue of research that provides insight both into modern iter...

BACKGROUND Achieving symmetry is a key goal in breast reconstruction. Anatomically shaped tabbed expanders are a new tool in the armamentarium of the breast reconstruction surgeon. Suture tabs allow for full control over the expander position and thus inframammary fold position, and, in theory, tabbed expanders mitigate many factors responsible for poor symmetry. The impact of a tabbed expander...

Comparative energy and exergy investigations are reported for a transcritical N2O refrigeration cycle with a throttling valve or with an expander when the gas cooler exit temperature varies from 30 to 55 ◦C and the evaporating temperature varies from −40 to 10 ◦C. The system performance is also compared with that of similar cycles using CO2. Results show that the N2O expander cycle exhibits a l...

BACKGROUND Serial tissue expansion is performed to remove giant congenital melanocytic nevi. However, there have been no studies comparing the expansion rate between the subsequent and preceding expansions. In this study, we analyzed the rate of expansion in accordance with the number of surgeries, expander location, expander size, and sex. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in pe...

A multi-variable optimization program has been developed to investigate the performance of Wet Organic Rankine Cycles for low temperature heat recovery applications. This cycle model contains a detailed thermodynamic model of the twin-screw expander, and the methods used to match the operation of the expander to the requirements of the cycle are described. The capability of the cycle model has ...

The effects of pelleting and storage of a complex nursery pig diet (28% lactose and 1.4% lysine) on lysine bioavailability were assessed in a chick bioassay. The nursery diet was steam-conditioned at 60 degrees C for 45 s and then pelleted through a 5-mm die with a depth of 38 mm. Samples of meal and pelleted diet were placed in metallic feeders in an occupied nursery facility for 1 wk (warm) o...

In previous studies to determine whether chronic opiate administration might negatively feedback upon endogenous opioid systems in the CNS, investigators found no changes in steady-state concentrations of opioid peptides following morphine pelleting. However, since only steady-state levels were measured, it was still not clear whether morphine treatment altered the release and/or biosynthesis o...

A major challenge in the production of pellets is the high cost associated with drying biomass from 30 to 10% (w.b.) moisture content. At Idaho National Laboratory, a high-moisture pelleting process was developed to reduce the drying cost. In this process the biomass pellets are produced at higher feedstock moisture contents than conventional methods, and the high moisture pellets produced are ...