The hypothesis is considered that: Once an AI system with roughly human-level general intelligence is created, an “intelligence explosion” involving the relatively rapid creation of increasingly more generally intelligent AI systems will very likely ensue, resulting in the rapid emergence of dramatically superhuman intelligences. Various arguments against this hypothesis are considered and foun...

To improve the sufficiency for software testing and the performance of testing algorithms, an improved event-driven Petri network model using combination method is proposed, abbreviated as OEDPN model. Then it is applied to OATS method to extend the implementation of OATS. On the basis of OEDPN model, the marked associate recursive method of state combination on category is presented to solve p...

There has been increasing recognition of various laboratory markers of thrombophilia that are associated with increased risk of thrombosis either through hereditary (especially Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A mutation, and protein C, S and antithrombin deficiencies) and/or acquired means (e.g., antiphospholipid antibodies) over past decades. This has led to an explosion of clinical request...

In recent years, usability testing has been the subject of growing interest, resulting in an explosion of methods and techniques. Although the HCI scientific and industrial communities acknowledge the merits of user interface evaluation, how to proceed in practice is still unclear. Usability testing is considered to be time consuming, unreliable, limited in scope, and based on expert experience...

In a frequently cited paper, Becker (1974) asked whether data from a “mortal” (= terminated) smallpox outbreak better fit a subcritical or semicritical Galton-Watson branching process. We revisit this question using standard hypothesis-testing methods and reach a somewhat di↵erent conclusion than he did. For a non-terminated process, the related problem of predicting extinction or explosion als...

background: new technologies using hazardous materials usually have certain risks. it is more serious when the technology is supposed to be applied in a large scale and become widely used by many people. the objective of this paper was to evaluate the risk of vapor cloud explosion in a hydrogen production process. methods: potential hazards were identified using the conventional hazard identifi...

structural health monitoring of cracked structures is one of beloved subject of researchers recently. consider of crack behavior in the water and energy pipeline is important because of environmental problems. in this paper consider of crack parameters in the underwater pipe subjected to mechanical transient load is investigated. for this purpose, three- dimensional parametric model of cracked ...

For any type of combustible dust, several important explosive parameters must be taken into account when designing and using protection systems: namely the ease with which dust clouds ignite their burning rate, maximum explosion pressure, pressure rise speed. explosion. The accuracy results obtained necessary for design use systems depends on a number factors but also application test method (s...