An intriguing question in neuroscience concerns how somatosensory events on the skin are represented in the human brain. Since Head and Holmes' [1] neuropsychological dissociation between localizing touch on the skin and localizing body parts in external space, touch is considered to operate in a variety of spatial reference frames [2]. At least two representations of space are in competition d...

Accurate and correct performance of controller in cruise control systems is important. Hence, in such systems, controller should optimize itself against noise and probable changes in system dynamic. As a matter of fact, in this article three approaches have been conducted to-ward this purpose: MIT, direct estimation and indirect estimation. These approaches are used as controllers to track refe...

This follow-up study examines the accuracy of selected smartphone sound measurement applications (apps) using external calibrated microphones. The initial study examined 192 apps on the iOS and Android platforms and found four iOS apps with mean differences of ±2 dB of a reference sound level measurement system. This study evaluated the same four apps using external microphones. The results sho...

Clock synchronization is a crucial service in many distributed systems, including wireless ad-hoc networks. This paper studies external clock synchronization, in which nodes should bring their clocks close to the value of some external reference time, which is provided in the system by one or more source clocks. Reference broadcast synchronization (RBS) is a known approach that exploits the bro...

Nowadays, industrialization exposes the human and environment resources to serious dangers. The importance of these resources caused the HSE (health, safety and environment) to have a significant contribution in industries’ evaluation, especially in construction industry. While evaluating the project’s success from an HSE point of view, it is not enough to rely solely on the outputs without con...

This paper starts from the ISO distinction of three types of evaluation procedures – internal, external and in use – and proposes to match these types to the three types of human language technology (HLT) systems: analysis, generation, and interactive. The paper explains why internal evaluation is not suitable to measure the qualities of HLT systems, and shows that reference-based external eval...

Vision plays a crucial role in human interaction by facilitating the coordination of one's own actions with those of others in space and time. While previous findings have demonstrated that vision determines the default use of reference frames, little is known about the role of visual experience in coding action-space during joint action. Here, we tested if and how visual experience influences ...