Establishing human habitation on the Moon or Mars requires development of a palette interconnected reaction chemistries to transform their native soils into structural metals, fuels, propellants, and load-bearing forms. This article outlines key research needs relevant fundamental chemistry in situ resource utilization.

It has long been known that the microbial component of terrestrial ecosystems provides capacity for nutrient and elemental cycling other key ecosystem services. Advances in DNA sequencing technology analytical continue to reveal novel insights into structure dynamics these ecosystems. These have led an increasing appreciation importance species associate with multicellular organisms, including ...

1 State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2 Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Oceanography Laboratory for Science and Technology, Qingdao, China, 3 Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4 Departame...

a Limnological Research Center, Department of Geology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States b University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory, Frostburg, MD, 21532, United States c Departments of Plant Biology and Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States d Department of Geology, Brown University, Providence RI, 1...

In considering the possibility of the existence of Extraterrestrial Intelligence, an independent means of verifying eyewitness accounts of flying saucers and alien beings on Earth is proposed. The approach would be an archaeological one whereby various archaeological surveying and excavation techniques would be used to examine an alleged landing or crash site of an extraterrestrial craft. The a...

I first argue that the extraterrestrials we will find will not communicate, for the simple reason that they would likely be either immensely inferior or immensely superior to us. Then, I argue that the discovery of extraterrestrials will be slow, like other previous major scientific discoveries. I introduce a multidimensional model to assess and to prepare the impact of discovering extraterrest...

To constrain the timing of rifting in the western, eastern, and northern parts of the Alboran Sea basin, seismic reflectors, corresponding to biostratigraphic boundaries and unconformities from the Miocene to Recent, are correlated using synthetic seismograms. Regions of adjacent coeval compression and extension are found in the Alboran Sea basin. Normal faulting continues in parts of the easte...

Deliberate and unintended radio transmissions from Earth propagate into space and could be detected by extraterrestrial watchers over interstellar distances. However, attempts to date at sending messages to extraterrestrial intelligence (METI) have much lower chances of detection than background radio noise from current communication technology on Earth. METI broadcasts are usually transient an...

a State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China b State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China c Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0013, USA d Department Geology and Geophysics, Yale University,...