Three-dimensional (3D) simulations using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method were performed for smooth and stepped spillways with converging walls, in order to evaluate influence of wall deflection step macro-roughness on main non-aerated flow properties. The encompassed a 1V:2H sloping spillway, convergence angles 9.9° 19.3°, discharges corresponding skimming regime, chute. overal...

Quasi-two-dimensional (2D) bounded heap flow is a useful model for granular flows in many industrial processes and natural phenomena. It belongs to the family of free surface flows inclined chute flow, rotating tumbler flow, and unbounded heap flow but is different from all of them in that the uniform deposition of particles onto the static bed results in the uniform rise of the heap and presum...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of acclimation to handling on growth, plasma concentrations of progesterone (P4) and cortisol, temperament, and reproductive performance of Brahman-crossbred heifers. Over 2 consecutive years, 37 Braford and 43 Brahman x Angus heifers were initially evaluated, within 30 d after weaning, for BW and puberty status via transrectal ultrasonogr...

ABSTRACT Aerator systems promote additional insertion of air into the flow and can reduce risk cavitation consequent damage to hydraulic structures. This work analyzes hydrodynamic pressures on steps a physical model (with chute inclination 53.13º) subjected different aeration conditions. When comparing results with intake coefficients in flow, it was concluded that incorporation does not chang...

Profitability of a beef operation is determined by the proportion of cows attaining pregnancy early in the breeding season and those that are pregnant at the end of breeding season. Many factors, including temperament, contribute to those reproductive parameters. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of temperament on reproductive performance of beef cows. In Experiment 1, Angus a...

Temperament in cattle is defined as the fear-related behavioral responses when exposed to human handling. Our group evaluates cattle temperament using 1) chute score on a 1 to 5 scale that increases according to excitable behavior during restraint in a squeeze chute, 2) exit velocity (speed of an animal exiting the squeeze chute), 3) exit score (dividing cattle according to exit velocity into q...