Abstract While personal electric deterrents can reduce the risk of shark bites, evidence for efficacy other products is limited. We assessed two versions a novel deterrent—80 and 150 volts (V)—designed to protect large area (8 m deep × 6 wide) or be linked together greater spatial coverage. did 116 experimental trials on 43 white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) assess: (a) percentage baits take...

This study aimed to understand the factors that deter immigrants from participating in Korean language programs South Korea by finding underlying structure of deterrents. A new instrument with 39 items measures adult immigrants’ deterrents participation was developed. In total, 267 responses were collected, and 170 complete useable analyzed. series statistical analyses revealed lack time most c...

—During spring, harbor seals Phoca vitulina feed at night under two bridges spanning the Puntledge River in Courtenay, British Columbia, Canada. Positioned parallel to one another, ventral side up, the seals form a feeding line across the river to intercept thousands of out-migrating salmonid smolts. During a 4week observation period in the spring of 1996, we attempted to disrupt the seals’ fee...

Plant secondary metabolites provide resistance against herbivory if they are capable of decreasing herbivore performance or deterring feeding. Here we test the effects of phlorotannin-containing polar extracts from the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus on the assimilation efficiency and feeding preferences of the herbivorous isopod Idotea baltica. We test the effects separately for each sex of the i...

This essay is the outcome of a colloquium convened in November 2005 at the Benthos Laboratory of the Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn in Ischia, Italy, on chemical ecology and the role of secondary metabolites in the structuring and functioning of marine biodiversity. The participants of the workshop are part of the European Network of Excellence MarBEF (Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function...

We examined the effect of two avocadofurans, 2-(pentadecyl)furan and 2-(heptadecyl)furan, from avocado idioblast oil cells on maturation and larval feeding behavior of a generalist insect herbivore, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Experiments were conducted using two larval sizes: early-stadium larvae refer to those larvae from experiments initiated with neonates while late...