Almost 60% of the fish meal produced globally is used in aquaculture feeds. Fish production relies on finite wild-marine resources and considered as an unsustainable ingredient. Insect (IM) a sustainable source with high levels protein suitable for growth promotion. Grape marc (GM) waste byproduct winery industry rich pigments antioxidant capacity. However, inclusion both ingredients can affect...

The utilization of synthetic additives (vitamins, proteins, and pigments) in broiler chicks’ feeds may cause problems the future, such as competitive availability, extra productive induced costs, human health risks relayed on sole ingredients commonly used animal food feeds. A total 320-day-old chicks were randomly assigned to eight experimental groups (a four × two factorial design), receiving...

Abstract Background There is increasing research interest in using short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including butyrate as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters animal production. This study was conducted evaluate the effects of supplementation sodium (SB) liquid feeds (milk, milk replacer, and mixture both) on performance, rumen fermentation, serum antioxidant capacity immunoglob...

Little is known about vitamin D status in preterm infants and their response to supplementation. To investigate this, we assessed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels using RIA in a consecutive sample of stable preterm very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (born ≤ 32 weeks gestation or birth weight ≤ 1·5 kg), and we explored associated factors. Serum 25OHD level was first assessed once infan...

Postnatal growth retardation is inevitable in preterm infants, the more immature the infant the greater the degree of postnatal growth retardation at hospital discharge. After hospital discharge, several studies have shown that growth is poorer in preterm infants fed a standard term formula than those fed a nutrient-enriched infant formula. This is not surprising because term formulas are desig...

Choline. Choline has been identified as a required nutrient for many species including humans, chicks, and pigs. Choline is found in low concentrations in most feeds, ranging from 0.04% in corn silage and alfalfa hay to 0.3% in protein sources such as soybean meal and cottonseed meal (DM basis). Its low concentrations in feeds are indicative of the low amounts required by livestock (e.g. 3 g/da...

BACKGROUND Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most devastating diseases in the neonatal population, with extremely low birth weight and extremely preterm infants at greatest risk. METHOD A systematic review of the best available evidence to answer a series of questions regarding nutrition support of neonates at risk of NEC was undertaken and evaluated using concepts adopted from th...

Materials and Methods Dietary supplementation of probiotic yeast ( ) was noted to improve the animal performance by improving the digestibility of nutrients and rumen bacterial number [1]. Addition of yeast culture, as a probiotic, in animal feeds improves fibre digestion [2], the cellulolytic activity of rumen microbes [3], and reduces the lactate accumulation and oxygen concentration in rumen...