Ultrasound may play an important role in the management of labor and delivery. Induction of labor is a common obstetric intervention, performed in about 20% of pregnancies. Pre-induction cervical length, measured by transvaginal sonography, has been shown to have a significant association with the induction-to-delivery interval and the risk for cesarean section. In the management of labor there...

OBJECTIVE To assess the ability to identify the conus medullaris (CM) and measure the conus-sacrum distance (CS distance) on a routine scan and the relationship with maternal and fetal factors. METHODS This was a prospective study. The assessment of the CM and the CS distance and the influence of the body mass index (BMI), gestational age (GA) and fetal position were analyzed. The correlation...

BACKGROUND Cognitive development in childhood is negatively affected by socioeconomic disadvantage. This study examined whether differences in fetal environment might mediate the association between family socioeconomic position and child development. METHODS Data were linked from the Scottish Longitudinal Study, maternity inpatient records and the Child Health Surveillance Programme - Pre Sc...

Congenital microphthalmia is a rare anomaly of the fetal orbit resulting from developmental defects of the primary optic vesicle. Chromosomal anomalies, genetic defect, infection, and prenatal drug exposure are the most common causes. Congenital microphthalmia is usually associated with other abnormalities, and cases of isolated microphthalmia are rarely reported. Congenital microphthalmia can ...

1 Gardberg M, Tuppurainen M. Intrapartum sonography and persistent occiput posterior position: a study of 408 deliveries. Obstet Gynecol 1998;91:746-9. 2 Royal North Shore Hospital 1996 labour ward statistics, ninth annual report. Sydney: Royal North Shore Hospital, 1997. 3 Pearl ML, Roberts JM, Laros RK, Hurd WW. Vaginal delivery from the persistent occiput posterior position: influence on mat...

Fetal dosimetry studies require the development of accurate numerical 3D models of the pregnant woman and the fetus. This paper proposes a 3D articulated fetal growth model covering the main phases of pregnancy and a pregnant woman model combining the utero-fetal structures and a deformable non-pregnant woman body envelope. The structures of interest were automatically or semi-automatically (de...

Objectives: To examine the fetal axillary nerve to reveal and compare its morphometric features within the second and third trimester. Methods: This study was conducted at the Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey. Thirty-five fetal shoulders were studied to provide anatomic data and to describe its position with regard to certain landmarks around the shoulde...

A dual transmission model of the fetal heart sounds is presented in which the properties of the signals received on a sensor, installed on the maternal abdominal surface, depend upon the position of the fetus. For a fetus in the occiput anterior position, the predominant spectral content lies in the frequency band 16-50Hz ("impact" mode), but for a fetus in the occiput posterior position, it li...