OBJECTIVE The WHO reports that female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is an ancient cultural practice prevalent in many countries. FGM/C has been reported among women resident in Australia. Our paper provides the first description of FGM/C in Australian children. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey conducted in April-June 2014. SETTING Paediatricians and other child health specialists recruite...

This paper analyses Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), a traditional practice in many cultures in Africa (and countries with an African diaspora). FGM “is widely recognised as a violation of the human rights of girls and women” [1]. This paper follows mainstream academia: considering FGM as a type of violence against females – with harmful effects in both the short and long term [2]. Many researc...

Doctors must be encouraged to report cases of female genital mutilation (FGM) to tackle what is still a woefully under-reported crime, MPs have claimed. In a report based on their follow-up inquiry on FGM published by the parliamentary Home Affairs Select Committee on 14 March, MPs said that “buck passing” for failure to prosecute the crime had to stop. The profile of FGM has risen because of t...

In this paper, the influence of the elastic foundation on the free vibration and buckling of thin-walled piezoelectric-based functionally graded materials (FGM) cylindrical shells under combined loadings is investigated. The equations of motion are obtained by using the principle of Hamilton and Maxwell's equations and the Navier's type solution used to solve these equations. Material propertie...

Theoretical research has numerous challenges, particularly about modeling structures, unlike experimental analysis, which explores the mechanical behavior of complex structures. Therefore, this study suggests a new model for functionally graded shell structures called “Tri-coated FGM” using spatial variation material properties to investigate free vibration response incorporating porosities and...

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is an unusual condition for our country. However, an increase in FGM in future days can be predicted with the increasing numbers of exchange students coming from African countries, migration of refugees and socioeconomic relations with the African countries. We want to share our experience of two FGM victims admitted to our clinic with the request of reconstructi...

BACKGROUND Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a traditional harmful practice that can cause severe physical and psychological damages to girls and women. Increasingly, trained health-care providers carry out the practice at the request of families. It is important to understand the motivations of providers in order to reduce the medicalization of FGM. This integrative review identifies, apprais...

BACKGROUND Numbers of giraffes are declining rapidly in their native habitat. As giraffe research and conservation efforts increase, the demand for more complete measures of the impact of conservation interventions and the effects of captive environments on animal health and welfare have risen. We compared the ability of six different enzyme immunoassays to quantify changes in fecal glucocortic...

Various forms of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) have been performed for millennia and continue to be prevalent in parts of Africa. Although the health consequences following FGM/C have been broadly investigated, divergent study results have called into question whether FGM/C is associated with obstetric consequences. To clarify the present state of empirical research, we conducted a ...