In this paper, a rectangular sandwich plate with a constrained layer and an electrorheological (ER) fluid core is investigated. The rectangular plate is covered an ER fluid core and a constraining layer to improve the stability of the system. The two outer layers of the sandwich structure are elastic. The viscoelastic materials express the middle layer behavior under electric field and small st...

The periosteum is a thin layer of connective tissue that covers the outer surface of a bone in all places except at joints (which are protected by articular cartilage). As opposed to bone itself, it has nociceptive nerve endings, making it very sensitive to manipulation. It also provides nourishment in the form of blood supply to the bone. The periosteum is connected to the bone by strong colla...

The outer layer of the vitelline membrane from hen egg yolk consists of ovomucin, vitelline membrane outer layer protein I (VMOI) and lysozyme. Here we report the occurrence of a further basic protein (pI 11.5) in the outer layer, which was designated as vitelline membrane outer layer protein II (VMOII). It was dissociated from the outer layer in a 10% (w/v) NaCl solution and purified to homoge...

BACKGROUND Although longitudinal strain (LS) is known to be reduced in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), it has not been elucidated whether or not circumferential strain (CS) is reduced. We aimed to determine whether multidirectional and layer-specific myocardial strain is reduced in patients with nonobstructive HCM. METHODSANDRESULTS Speckle-tracking echocardiography was perfo...

conclusions the results indicated that the model, compared with other models, was user-friendly and the desired results were obtained by a minimal data. materials and methods the current paper developed a process model. first, a sketch of nitrate and ammonia storage, their specifications and parameters were set out and created on a page, and then, mathematical relations of each process were set...

The analytical solution of functionally graded piezoelectric hollow cylinder which is under radial electric potential and non-axisymmetric thermo-mechanical loads, are presented in this paper. Using complex Fourier series and estimation of power law for variations of material characterizations through the thickness, the electro thermo mechanical behavior of the FGPM cylinder is obtained. The st...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To determine whether the volumes of macular layers before and after epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling as measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) correlated with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) or ERM location. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-six eyes with idiopathic ERM and 12 control eyes were imaged preoperatively and postoperatively using ...

In both the ectodermal and the chordamesodermal regions of Anuran embryos, the outer layer of cells possesses epithelial properties and has the same restricted morphogenetic potencies. It is thus interchangeable between the regions, capable of epiboly and, when underlain by notochord material, of the formation of bottle-shaped cells as at the blastoporal groove, and invagination. When taken fro...

In both the ectodermal and the chordamesodermal regions of Anuran embryos, the outer layer of cells possesses epithelial properties and has the same restricted morphogenetic potencies. It is thus interchangeable between the regions, capable of epiboly and, when underlain by notochord material, of the formation of bottle-shaped cells as at the blastoporal groove, and invagination. When taken fro...