The speed and accuracy of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements can be improved by rapidly alternating excitation wavelengths between the donor and acceptor fluorophore. We demonstrate FRET efficiency measurements based on a fiber laser and photonic crystal fiber as the source for two-photon excitation (TPE). This system offers the potential for rapid wavelength switching with t...

The determination of cellulase distribution on the surface of cellulose fiber is an important parameter to understand when determining the interaction between cellulase and cellulose and/or the cooperation of different types of cellulases during the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. In this communication, a strategy is presented to quantitatively determine the cellulase colocalization using th...

In this paper, an extrinsic optical fibre sensor (OFS) for the quantitative determination of dyes used in the textile industry is presented. The system proposed is based on absorption spectroscopy and multivariate calibration methods to infer the concentration of different textile dyes. The performance of the sensor has been successfully assessed using calibrated dyes, with a very good correlat...

Attempts were made to modify polypropylene fibers by melt blending with polyethylene terephthalate in order to enhance the dyeability of the resultant fiber. Five blends of polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate/compatibilizer were prepared and subsequently spun into fibers. Three disperse dyes were used to dye such modified fibers at boiling and 130 °C. The dyeing performance of the blend fi...

Coaxial four-needle electrohydrodynamic forming is applied for the first time to prepare layered structures in both particle and fiber form. Four different biocompatible polymers, polyethylene glycol, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), polycaprolactone, and polymethylsilsesquioxane, are used to generate four distinct layers confirmed using transmission and scanning electron microscopy combined wit...

This first part of Chapter 5 covers the background to the development of reactive dyes, explains the history which led to their belated discovery and gives the reasons for their present importance. The nature of the dye-fiber bond is covered as well as the processes by which it is formed. The overall procedure for reactive batch dyeing, which involves the three steps of dyeing, fixation and was...

Fiber-optic microprobes connected to sensitive light meters are ideal tools to resolve the steep gradients of light intensity and spectral composition that prevail in aggregates and surface-associated microbial communities in sediments, biofilms, and microbial mats. They allow for a detailed mapping of light fields and enable insights to the complex optical properties of such highly light-scatt...