BACKGROUND There is limited information regarding load responses of the posterior oblique and superficial medial collateral ligaments to applied loads. HYPOTHESES The degree of knee flexion affects loads experienced by the posterior oblique ligament and both divisions of the superficial medial collateral ligament. The posterior oblique ligament provides significant resistance to valgus and in...

In a simplified way, one can divide the subtalar joint into two parts, an anterior and a posterior part. Anteriorly, the talar head is located on the anterior and middle facets of the calcaneus, forming the acetabulum pedis with the posterior surface of the navicular bone.1 However, it is important to mention that the talar head is not only supported by the articulating surfaces of the calcaneu...

The medial collateral ligament is the most frequently injured ligament of the knee. The anatomy and biomechanical role of this ligament and the associated posteromedial structures of the knee continue to be explored. Prophylactic knee bracing has shown promise in preventing injury to the medial collateral ligament, although perhaps at the cost of functional performance. Most isolated injuries a...

Marginal fractures of the medial tibial plateau have been reported in the literature as a secondary type of Segond fracture. Some reports described this entity in the setting of combined injuries such as root avulsions of the medial meniscus, complete disruption of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), partial tear of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and tears of the medial meniscus and m...

Osteosarcoma of the proximal fibula is a rare entity that poses a surgical challenge. Limb salvage is the goal of treatment, and this entails sacrifice of the common peroneal nerve as well as the anterior tibial artery. Also the loss of the lateral collateral ligament and biceps attachment leads to unavoidable knee instability which requires special reconstructive procedures. From 2002 to 2008,...

BACKGROUND The effect of elbow medial ulnar collateral ligament injury on posteromedial compartment contact is unknown. HYPOTHESIS Medial ulnar collateral ligament injury causes altered contact area and pressure in the posteromedial compartment of the elbow. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Seven elbow cadaveric specimens were tested in an apparatus that positioned the el...

The sesamoids are suspended by a sling like mechanism; sesamoid ligaments to the corresponding aspect of metatarsal head. There is no direct connection between sesamoids and flexor hallucis longus tendon that between them. The abductor hallucis and adductor hallucis tendons have fibrous insertions into the tibial and fibular sesamoids respectively. The deep transverse metatarsal ligament attach...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment of patients with chronic lesions in the posterolateral corner of the knee with reconstruction of the fibular collateral ligament, popliteus tendon and popliteofibular ligament and with autografts of the biceps femoris and fascia lata. METHOD A total of 129 patients with injuries of the posterolateral corner of the knee that lasted ...

To determine whether untreated grade 3 posterolateral knee injuries contribute to a significant increase in force on a posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction graft, we measured the force on the graft during joint loading of a posterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knee with otherwise intact structures and then selectively cut the popliteofibular ligament, popliteus tendon, and the fibula...

       Injuries to the posterolateral corner (PLC) comprise a significant portion of knee ligament injuries. A high index of suspicion is necessary when evaluating the injured knee to detect these sometimes occult injuries. Moreover, a thorough physical examination and a comprehensive review of radiographic studies are necessary to identify these injuries. In this sense, stress radiographs can ...