Let G = (V, E) be a graph. A function g : V → [0, 1] is called a global dominating function (GDF ) of G, if for every v ∈ V, g(N [v]) = ∑ u∈N [v] g(u) ≥ 1 and g(N(v)) = ∑ u/ ∈N(v) g(u) ≥ 1. A GDF g of a graph G is called minimal (MGDF ) if for all functions f : V → [0, 1] such that f ≤ g and f(v) 6= g(v) for at least one v ∈ V , f is not a GDF . The fractional global domination number γfg(G) is...

One of the key issues in practical speech recognition is to achieve robust gender identification. Most conventional gender identification approaches use relevant features derived from the magnitude spectrum. In this paper, we propose a novel gender identification method using a group delay function (GDF). Based on the statistical analysis of the GDF, it is found that the GDF is an effective fea...

BACKGROUND Self-tests, tests on body materials to detect medical conditions, are widely available to the general public. Self-testing does have advantages as well as disadvantages, and the debate on whether self-testing should be encouraged or rather discouraged is still ongoing. One of the concerns is whether consumers have sufficient knowledge to perform the test and interpret the results. An...

introduction: pulpectomy is the preferred treatment for restorable primary teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis or periradicular lesion. considering the rather new application of rotary files for pulpectomy of primary teeth, the aim of this study was to compare the cleaning efficacy and instrumentation time of hand k-files and mtwo rotary system for preparation of human primary molars. ...