[1] A mechanistic model is derived for the rate of fluvial erosion into bedrock by abrasion from uniform size particles that impact the bed during transport in both bed and suspended load. The erosion rate is equated to the product of the impact rate, the mass loss per particle impact, and a bed coverage term. Unlike previous models that consider only bed load, the impact rate is not assumed to...

Due to the effect of global change, the potential risk of natural hazards occurring in alpine areas is expected to increase to an even higher risklevel than has been recorded during the last century. These global changes potentially also have distinct influences on fluvial processes in torrents causing erosion on slopes and riverbanks in forested areas. Dating the time of root exposure along ri...

Removal of nonnative riparian trees is accelerating to conserve water and improve habitat for native species. Widespread control of dominant species, however, can lead to unintended erosion. Helicopter herbicide application in 2003 along a 12-km reach of the Rio Puerco, New Mexico, eliminated the target invasive species saltcedar (Tamarix spp.), which dominated the floodplain, as well as the na...

In the largest known population of sinuous ridges on Mars, Aeolis Serpens stands out as the longest ( 500 km) feature in Aeolis Dorsa. The formation of this landform, whether from fluvial or glacio-fluvial processes, has been debated in the literature. Here we examine higher-resolution data and use a terrestrial analog (the Mirackina paleoriver, South Australia) to show that both the morphology...

Despite evidence that weathering plays a role in forming intertidal, estuarine, and fluvial rock platforms, many publications uncritically refer to “wave-cut” or “stream-cut” rock platforms. The alternative explanations of chemical weathering and physical water erosion of rock platforms have been debated since 1839. Our new approach to this long-standing problem introduces data from fluvial as ...

Introduction: The latitude dependent distribution [1-3] and non-uniform orientations [4-8] of young gullies on Mars suggest that their formation and modification are controlled by the activity of volatiles at or near the surface. Given the relative abundance of gullies and Mars' current thermal environment, CO 2 and H 2 O are the most likely candidates for contributing to gully evolution. Conte...

Introduction and Background: Northeast Arabia Terra, west and north of Syrtis Major, has long been known to be characterized by significant terrain mantling and exhumation [1-3]. There are two widespread geological units at a scale of 1:15M [1]: dissected terrain (Npld; more highly dissected by valley networks (VN) than cratered unit; covers extensive area S and W of Syr-tis Major, interpreted ...

Floods of high magnitude are one of the major problems in the north-eastern region of India. Heavy flooding causes abrupt changes in the flow pattern of the rivers. The present paper deals with the study of three northern bank tributaries of the Brahmaputra river, namely Jia-Bhareli, Puthimari and Pagladiya. The river Brahmaputra shows significant amount of erosion and deposition in the basin. ...

Analyses of lithology, organic-matter content, magnetic susceptibility, and pollen in a sediment core from Okpilak Lake, located in the northeastern Brooks Range, provide new insights into the history of climate, landscape processes, and vegetation in northern Alaska since 14,500 cal year BP. The late-glacial interval ([11,600 cal year BP) featured sparse vegetation cover and the erosion of min...