foam injection is becoming a standard conditioning agent when tunnelling with an earth-pressure balanced shield, resulting in an increasing interest in this technique. the technique is mostly based on empirical rules and experience. to be able to determine what foam and how may foam has to be injected for different soils, it is necessary to know the mechanical parameters of the foam-water-soil ...

Two differently-produced open-cell aluminum foams were compared to a commercially available finned heat sink. Further, an aluminum plate and block were tested as a reference. All heat sinks have the same base plate dimensions of four by six inches. The first foam was made by investment casting of a polyurethane preform and has a porosity of 0.946 and a pore density of 10 pores per linear inch. ...

BACKGROUND LOX-1, a receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), seems to play a critical role in foam cell formation of macrophages (Mphis) and smooth muscle cells (SMC). Inhibition of LOX-1 expression reduces foam cell formation and might influence lipid core formation in atherosclerotic lesions. Because statins are able to downregulate LOX-1 expression in vitro, we examined if prav...

Thin-walled tubular structures are widely used in industries such as automotive, aerospace and military because of their lightweight excellent performance under different loading conditions. This study aimed to investigate the lateral crushing square aluminium tubes filled with cores (honeycomb, polyurethane foam mixed these two fillers). Different failure modes tested have been observed they p...

Debonding between core and facings is a common failure mode of sandwich structures that can severely damage the load-carrying capacity of the structure. The objective of this work is to study the effect of debonding in double cantilever beam specimens made of aluminum facings and PVC foam cores. The configuration follows the standard ASTM D5528-94a peel test. Four PVC foam core materials under ...

The response of back-supported buffer plates comprising a solid face sheet and foam core backing impacted by a column of high velocity particles (sand slug) is investigated via a lumped parameter model and coupled discrete/continuum simulations. The buffer plate is either resting on (unattached) or attached to a rigid stationary foundation. The lumped parameter model is used to construct maps o...