For foodborne outbreak investigations it can be difficult to isolate the relevant strain from food and/or environmental sources. If the sample is contaminated by more than one strain of the pathogen the relevant strain might be missed. In this study mixed cultures of Salmonella enterica were grown in one set of standard enrichment media to see if culture bias patterns emerged. Nineteen strains ...

A review of the literature has revealed a scarcity of attempts to compare directly various methods proposed for the detection of Salmonella organisms in food products. Unfortunately, often it has been assumed that methods useful in clinical or public health laboratories, engaged in identifying cases and carriers, are also suitable for the examination of food products. Furthermore, in many insta...

The ex situ population of maned wolves is not self-sustaining due to poor reproduction, caused primarily by parental incompetence. Studies have shown that environmental enrichment can promote natural parental behaviors in zoo animals. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of environmental enrichment on behavioral and physiological responses of maned wolves. During an 8-week e...

A review of the literature has revealed a scarcity of attempts to compare directly various methods proposed for the detection of Salmonella organisms in food products. Unfortunately, often it has been assumed that methods useful in clinical or public health laboratories, engaged in identifying cases and carriers, are also suitable for the examination of food products. Furthermore, in many insta...

Most aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are experiencing increased nutrient availability, which is affecting their structure and function. By altering community composition and productivity of consumers, enrichment can indirectly cause changes in the pathways and magnitude of material flows in food webs. These changes, in turn, have major consequences for material storage and cycling in the eco...

Routine microbiological quality analyses in food samples require, in some cases, an initial incubation in pre-enrichment medium. This is necessary in order to ensure that small amounts of pathogenic strains are going to be detected. In this work, a universal pre-enrichment medium has been developed for the simultaneous growth of Bacillus cereus, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Cr...

Many experiments report that animals will work (lever press) for food in the presence of freely available identical food. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of applied ethologists because it seems to prove that animals have a need to express appetitive behavior. If this is the case, then it has implications for the provision of environmental enrichment for animals in captivity. In this...

encapsulation of bioactive ingredient and production of nano carriers in order to food enrichment and production of functional food is one of the applications of nano technology in food science and pharmaceutical. nano carriers are produced using biopolymers (proteins and polysaccharids) or lipid based materials. in this research, production and characterization of pectin-casein nanocomplexes a...