Due to the dispersed nature of forestry operations in much of the world, only a subset of a given forest road network are used in any year. Specifically, spur roads are generally only used when harvesting operations are adjacent to roadways; otherwise, they remain unused or only have infrequent administrative traffic. During these periods of light use, a substantial amount of organic litter may...

Nacrtak Earthwork usually represents the largest cost component in the construction of low-volume forest roads. Accurate estimates of earthwork volume are essential to forecast construction costs and improve the financial control of road construction operations. Traditionally, earthwork volumes are estimated using methods that consider ground data obtained from survey stations along road grade ...

Management of bottomland hardwood sites requires adequate access to support forest operations. A study conducted in a bottomland forest in central Georgia has evaluated the effect of forest road design on sediment movement and water quality. Five years of measurement indicate that a conventional crowned road design is a net sir& for sediment, primarily due to settling in ditches. An alternative...

The most pervasive threats to biological diversity are directly or indirectly linked to the road networks. For this reason, over the last few decades, interest in the study of the ecological characteristics of the edges associated with roads has increased. This work aims to investigate the effect of roads as a humaninduced disturbance on the plant diversity in two managed Mediterranean forest s...

Supporting wildfire management activities is frequently identified as a benefit of forest roads. As such, there growing body research into road planning, construction, and maintenance to improve fire surveillance, prevention, access, control operations. Of interest here how networks directly support operations, managers incorporate that information pre-season assessment planning. In this commun...

road construction is one of the effective factors for ecological changes which affects diversity and species composition in forest roads edges. this research was performed in kheirud forest to evaluate herbaceous diversity and tree regeneration establishment in different distances from road edge. for this purpose, we sampled herbaceous and tree species regeneration in 0,5,10,25, 50 and 100 m di...

Forest management affects the quality and availability of roost sites for forest-dwelling bats, but information on roost selection beyond the scale of individual forest stands is limited. We evaluated effects of topography (elevation, slope, and proximity of roads and streams), forest habitat class, and landscape patch configuration on selection of summer diurnal roosts by 6 species of forest-d...

The impacts of potential linear barriers such as roads, highways, and power lines on rainforest fauna are poorly understood. In the central Brazilian Amazon, we compared the frequency of local movements (<300 m long) of understory birds within intact forest and across a 30-to 40-m-wide road over a 2-year period. Rainforest had regenerated along some road verges, to the extent that a nearly comp...