Background: Children with developmental delays are often dependent on enteral nutrition. The aim of our study was to evaluate improvement in tolerance parameters in these children who were switched from an intact protein formula to a 100% whey, peptide-based formula. Methods: A retrospective chart review of children with developmental delays who were failing to reach adequate nutritional goals ...

BACKGROUND Early-life nutrition may influence later body composition. The effect of breastfeeding and formula feeding on infant body composition is uncertain. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that examined body composition in healthy, term infants in relation to breastfeeding or formula feeding. DESIGN PubMed was searched for human studies that reporte...

OBJECTIVE We compared energy expenditure (EE) of preterm infants fed their mother's milk versus preterm infant formula. Study design A prospective, randomized crossover study of 13 healthy, appropriate weight for gestational age, gavage-fed, preterm infants. Before the study and according to our feeding protocol, infants uniformly received alternate feeds of human milk and formula. Each infant ...

OBJECTIVES Because inadequate expression of human milk (EBM) in mothers of hospitalized infants were noticed in a neonatal center of our hospital, family education program was carried out to increase the EBM. METHODS A breast milk pumping diary was introduced to the mothers with preterm infant(s) admitted in the NICU. The ratios of EBM (days of EBM to NICU/hospitalized days), breast milk feed...

In order to identify the reasons for early weaning in Teheran, we interviewed 900 mothers using a systematic randomized sampling method. A total of 15% of the mothers were illiterate, 93% were housewives, and 97% had given birth in hospitals. Only 3% of the newborns benefited from rooming-in facilities in hospital, and 68% were bottle-fed while still in hospital. In 3.1% of cases the mother had...

atopy can be defined as the genetically determined risk to develop allergic disease. avoidance of one specific allergen may decrease the risk for sensitization against this allergen, but it will not affect atopy. our aim was to investigate if exclusive breast-feeding is associated with atopic dermatitis during the first 5 years of life. data on 200 children were taken from parental-administered...

BACKGROUND Infancy is an important period for the promotion of healthy eating, diet and weight. However little is known about how best to engage caregivers of infants in healthy eating programs. This is particularly true for caregivers, infants and children from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds who experience greater rates of overweight and obesity yet are more challenging to reach i...

BACKGROUND Infant feeding takes place within a network of social relationships. However, the social context in which infant feeding advice is received remains underresearched. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the social contexts of infant feeding by examining individual and relationship characteristics of mothers and network members associated with advice to exclusively b...

BACKGROUND Weight gain in infancy depends on in utero nutritional status, with postnatal growth also dependent on feeding practices, culture, food accessibility and parents' education. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between umbilical cord blood leptin levels and feeding mode (breast-fed vs. formula) on weight gain at three months of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-nine full-term n...

The colonization of the infant gut after birth represents a complex succession of bacterial types and is governed by a wide range of external influences such as the mother’s vaginal, faecal and skin floras, the extent of bacterial contamination of the perinatal environment and the feeding regime. The influence of breast feeding and formula feeding on the development of the infant gastrointestin...