in this paper, financial services in the iranian as a sector with a leontief production function, this sector buys inputs from other sectors for its productions and provides services to expedite the cash fellows and risk transformation to other sectors, the first relations are called backward linkage and the later relations are called forward linkage, for quantification of the linkage , employm...

The paper tests for the backward linkage hypothesis of multinational firms in developing host economies. The empirical case is the Polish food industry expected to be a highly relevant European case as the largest magnet of ‘developing-oriented’ FDI over the last decade. Combining the case study, descriptive and econometric evidence suggests that backward linkage creation has failed in terms of...

This paper measures the direct and indirect contribution made by iron and steel industry in the economy of China and assess the differences between China and other steel producing countries. With this aim in view, the input-output modelling is used to detect the industrial linkages known as backward and forward linkages of eight iron and steel producing countries, including China, USA, Japan, G...

This paper investigates key sectors of Turkish Economy by using the sector classification proposed Hewings (1974). The proposes a new measure based on Rasmussen’s forward linkage “sensitivity dispersion index”. measures given Rasmussen are Leontief inverse matrix, which is demand driven. translates to supply-driven models Ghosh matrix. Application part calculates backward and linkages Turkey 20...