Aiming to more accurately control the wheel speed of an electric vehicle (EV) driven by four in-wheel motors, a developed whale optimization algorithm-proportional–integral–derivative (KW-WOA-PID) algorithm is proposed herein. In this study, mathematical and simulation models are built for EVs analyzing mechanical structures motors. Simulations conducted, driving requirements motors obtained. T...

Direct Yaw moment Control systems (DYC) can maintain the vehicle in the driver’s desired path by distributing the asymmetric longitudinal forces and the generation of the Control Yaw Moment (CYM). In order to achieve the superior control performance, intelligent usage of lateral forces is also required. The lateral wheel forces have an indirect effect on the CYM and based upon their directio...

In this paper, we propose a torque vectoring controller for an electric vehicle with two electric machines which drive the front wheels independently. The torque vectoring system includes a vehicle dynamics controller and a motor torque and wheel slip limiter. The vehicle dynamics controller is designed as a polytopic, linear parameter-varying (LPV) gain-scheduled controller. The LPV controller...

Abstract: This paper presents an in-wheel vibration absorber for in-wheel-motor electric vehicles (IWM EVs), and a corresponding control strategy to improve vehicle ride comfort. The proposed in-wheel vibration absorber, designed for suppressing the motor vibrations, is composed of a spring, an annular rubber bushing, and a controllable damper. The parameters of the in-wheel spring and rubber b...

Based on the structural features of electric vehicle (EV) driven by in-wheel motors and the characteristics of low speed as well as high torque for in-wheel motors, regenerative braking method for in-wheel motors has been presented. All braking torque for vehicle deceleration is output by in-wheel motors under Medium-intensity braking condition for the sake of recovering the maximum braking ene...

In addition to clean transportation and energy savings, electric vehicles can inherently offer better performance in the field of active safety and dynamic stability control, thanks to the superior fast and accurate control characteristics of electric motors. With the novel wheel status parameter TA for electric vehicles proposed by the authors in an earlier publication, a new TA index (TAI)-ba...

Anti-slip control, as a fundamental technique of vehicle stability prevents loss control vehicles, especially under extreme driving conditions. However, current methods fail to suppress slippage when steering. Therefore, new anti-slip approach for four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicles (EVs) based on the energy method is proposed. This makes full use distribution motor between body and ...

This paper presents an active slip control system (ASCS) for a four-wheel drive electric vehicle (EV) using suspension of the vehicle. The integrated mechanism is designed combination fuzzy controller and nonlinear back-stepping to individual wheels with help In this research, presented implemented in two steps. first step, based on friction coefficient calculated from tire model, will generate...