Abstract The Hagen-Balve Reef is one of the largest Devonian carbonate complexes in Rhenish Massif exposed many former or active, economically significant quarries, especially Hönne Valley region at its eastern end. timing and patterns reef drowning, final extinction, middle Frasnian to Famennian post-reefal facies history, including details global Kellwasser Crisis, were studied based on two b...

Widespread marine anoxia triggered by the runoff and recycling of nutrients was a key phenomenon associated with Frasnian–Famennian (FF) mass extinction. However, relative importance global-scale processes versus local influences on site-specific environmental change remains poorly understood. Here, nitrogen-isotope (δ15N) trends are combined organic-biomarker, phosphorus, Rock-Eval data in FF ...

Localities within strata of the Witpoort Formation (Witteberg Group, Cape Supergroup) South Africa provide diverse new fossil material Famennian plants from a high palaeolatitude marginal marine setting. Lycopsid axes with sterile leaves include here diagnosed to two species Colpodexylon Banks 1944. C. pullumpedes sp. nov. Waterloo Farm is ‘short-tipped’ species, whereas mergae Coombs Hill, ‘lo...

Tetrapod fossil tracks are known from the Middle Devonian (Eifelian at ca. 397 million years ago--MYA), and their earliest bony remains from the Upper Devonian (Frasnian at 375-385 MYA). Tetrapods are now generally considered to have colonized land during the Carboniferous (i.e., after 359 MYA), which is considered to be one of the major events in the history of life. Our analysis on tetrapod e...