The mucoadhesive hydrogel film was prepared and optimized for the purpose of local drug delivery to oral cavity for the treatment of oral Candidiasis. The mucoadhesive hydrogel film was prepared with the poly(vinyl alcohol) by freeze/thaw crosslinking technique. 3(2) full factorial design was employed to optimize the formulation. Number of freeze/thaw cycles (4, 6, and 8 cycles) and the concent...

The larva of the drosophilid fly, Chymomyza costata, is probably the most complex metazoan organism that can survive submergence in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C) in a fully hydrated state. We examined the associations between the physiological and biochemical parameters of differently acclimated larvae and their freeze tolerance. Entering diapause is an essential and sufficient prerequisite for att...

The foam-mat drying was used as a dehydration method for açaí pulp. types of foaming agents, the influence concentration and whipping time were evaluated foam formation. After choosing agent/additive 2² Factorial Experimental Design, with three central points realized to process conditions. optimized condition verified by desirability function it compared pulp both freeze-dried. Emustab identif...

The effect of different protectants and the impact of the initial cell density on the viability of Lactococcus lactis Sr. 3.54 subjected to freeze-thawing and freezedrying was studied. Several additives were tested as protective agents against freezing and drying injuries. Maximum viability of the cells after freeze-thawing was obtained with sucrose and skim milk mixtures as protective agents (...

The physiological responses supporting freeze tolerance in anurans are well known, but the evolution of this trait remains little studied. This is the first common-garden study of geographic variation in cryoprotective responses to freezing and the degree of freeze tolerance. We studied the gray treefrogs (Hyla versicolor and H. chrysoscelis) from sympatric sites in Minnesota, Indiana and Misso...

OBJECTIVES The stability of circulating proteins can be affected by repeated freezing and thawing. The aim of our study was to identify the effect of repeated freezing and thawing on the plasma and serum concentrations of eight proteins [interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-15, IL-17A, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF...

This work was initiated to study the concentration effects on phenanthrene and pyrene extraction during process of aging in phaeozem and burozem with or without freeze-thawing cycles. 1, 10, and 100 μg g(-1) phenanthrene and pyrene contaminated soils were extracted by 10,000 mg L(-1) surfactant SDBS at various times. The extraction amount decreased with increasing contact time. Aging process co...

BACKGROUND In the present study, different methods for preparation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are investigated in order to standardize the component in terms of growth factor content. The effects of concentration technique and storage duration are also analyzed. METHODS PRP was collected from 40 donors by plateletpheresis as well as by the buffy coat and tube method. Concentration of growt...

the effect of three levels of eucalyptus leaf (0, 28.65 or 57.37mg/200mg substrate), which were either oven, freeze or air dried on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics was assessed. the studied parameters were in vitro gas production (ivgp), methane production, ammonia (nh3-n) concentration, in vitro organic matter degradability, partitioning factor (pf) (ratio of substrate truly degr...

The technique of monolayer freeze-fracture autoradiography (MONOFARG) has been developed and the principles, quantitation, and application of the method are described. Cell monolayers attached to polylysine-treated glass were freeze-fractured, shadowed, and coated with dry, Parlodion-supported Ilford L4 photographic emulsion at room temperature. Quantitative aspects of MONOFARG were examined us...