The friendship paradox refers to the sociological observation that, while the people’s assessment of their own popularity is typically self-aggrandizing, in reality they are less popular than their friends. The generalized friendship paradox is the average alter superiority observed empirically in social settings, scientific collaboration networks, as well as online social media. We posit a qua...

Online Social Networking (OSN) services have become among the most popular services on Internet and their growth has led to creation of lots of different applications and protocols. Most of these applications and protocols rely on findings of previous studies which were concentrated on analyzing and modeling of the structure of inferred friendship graph of social networks. However, serious ques...

Online multiplayer games are a popular form of social interaction, used by hundreds of millions of individuals. However, little is known about the social networks within these online games, or how they evolve over time. Understanding human social dynamics within massive online games can shed new light on social interactions in general and inform the development of more engaging systems. Here, w...

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objective: one of the main cultural issues in universities is relationships between male and female students. due to the adverse consequences of this issue, explaining of the beyond the causes of friendship with opposite-sex, is one of the first steps in planning for youth issues. methods: this qualitative research was conducted based on content analysis. nineteen female university students wer...

A fundamental question when studying underlying friendship and interaction graphs of Online Social Networks (OSNs) is how closely these graphs mirror real-world associations. The presence of phantom or fake profiles dilutes the integrity of this correspondence. This paper looks at the presence of phantom profiles in the context of social gaming, i.e., profiles created with the purpose of gainin...

Correspondence: P. Stopka, Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K. (email: [email protected]). L. Barrett is at the School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K. Hemelrijk et al. (1999), using data from a captive chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes, colony, state that there is no evidence to suggest that individuals trade ‘social services’...

In this paper, we give infinitely many examples of (non-isomorphic) connected k-regular graphs with smallest eigenvalue in half open interval [−1− √ 2,−2) and also infinitely many examples of (non-isomorphic) connected k-regular graphs with smallest eigenvalue in half open interval [α1,−1− √ 2) where α1 is the smallest root(≈ −2.4812) of the polynomial x3 + 2x2 − 2x − 2. From these results, we ...

iv Acknowledgements v List of Tables vii List of Graphs vii