Microextraction techniques, especially dynamic techniques like in-tube extraction (ITEX), can require an extensive method optimization procedure. This work summarizes the experiences from several methods and gives recommendations for the setting of proper extraction conditions to minimize experimental effort. Therefore, the governing parameters of the extraction and injection stages are discuss...

In order to monitor the behaviour of contaminants in the aqueous environment effective enrichment techniques often have to be employed due to their low concentrations. In this work a robust and sensitive purge and trap-gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry method for carbon and hydrogen isotope analysis of fuel oxygenates in water is presented. The method evaluation included the de...

Direct conversion of carbon dioxide to multicarbon products remains as a grand challenge in electrochemical CO2 reduction. Various forms of oxidized copper have been demonstrated as electrocatalysts that still require large overpotentials. Here, we show that an ensemble of Cu nanoparticles (NPs) enables selective formation of C2-C3 products at low overpotentials. Densely packed Cu NP ensembles ...

Motor vehicles are major sources of primary organic aerosol (POA), which is a mixture of a large number of organic compounds that have not been comprehensively characterized. In this work, we apply a recently developed gas chromatography mass spectrometry approach utilizing "soft" vacuum ultraviolet photoionization to achieve unprecedented chemical characterization of motor vehicle POA emission...

Gas Chromatography /Mass Spectrometry method of analysis was used to determine the presence and quantitative values selected Oxygenates Organic micropollutants in underground water oil spillage prone areas Lagos State Nigeria. The involved six samples with three collected from each sampled sites. were analyzed using GC/MS concentrations various oxygenates such as MTBE, Benzene, Methanol, Ethano...

This Perspective covers sustainable oxidation processes using doped cerias, ceria-supported catalysts and ceria-based mixed oxides. Firstly, we consider the general properties of ceria-based catalysts. We outline the advantages of the ceria redox cycle, and explain the dynamic behaviour of these catalysts in the presence of metal additives and dopants. We then review three types of catalytic ox...

The catalytic co-pyrolysis of a seaweed biomass, Laminaria japonica, and a typical polymer material, polypropylene, was studied for the first time. A mesoporous material Al-SBA-15 was used as a catalyst. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted using a fixed-bed reactor and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). BET surface area, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and NH3 tempe...

Research in the sustainable conversion of biomass to fuels and chemicals is a necessity for reduction carbon footprint transport energy. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient tandem catalyst selectively convert (simulated) bio-oil hydrocarbons with enhanced C4+ fuel yield fixed bed reactor small pilot plant. The catalytic system multifunctional dual system; coupling catalysts (0.2 wt % X-TiO2(X: ...

The steam reforming of ethanol, methanol, and other oxygenates (e.g., bio-oil olive mill wastewater) using Ni-based catalysts have been studied by the scientific community in last few years. This process is already well over years, being critical point, at this moment, choice a suitable catalyst. utilization these for production “green” H2 an interesting alternative to fuel fossils. For applica...

The addition of ethanol into gasoline has long been a method to help the hydrocarbons of gasoline burn smoother in an internal combustion engine by adding oxygen into the fuel. Gas stations list ethanol content in gasoline can be up to 10% ethanol but no more than 10% ethanol. By using the methods of standard addition, using known concentrations and volumes of spikes of ethanol into the gasolin...