B lack occlusive intraocular lens (IOL) insertion has been shown to be an effective treatment for intractable diplopia, visual confusion, and poor cosmesis resulting from leukokoria. A significant disadvantage of occlusive IOL insertion is that conventional funduscopy is not possible, preventing the detection of posterior pole disease. Here we describe a patient in whom we made the novel discov...

Case presentation: Patient R.P.C., birth 06/10/2019, female, referred from pediatric clinic at two years old due to speech regression. In August 2021, she underwent routine funduscopy, prematurity, showing a red cherry spot. her neuropsychomotor development, presented cephalic support three months of age, sat up eight months, walked 11 started two-syllables nine but regressed, and currently onl...

PURPOSE Loteprednol etabonate (LE) is approved by the US FDA in a suspension and ointment form (0.5%) for the treatment of postoperative ocular inflammation. This study examined the gel formulation of LE, an improved, nonsettling formulation with a lower preservative level and a more physiologic pH. PATIENTS AND METHODS This multicenter, double-masked, parallel-group, vehicle-controlled study...

BACKGROUND Variations in optic nerve head morphology and abnormal retinal vascular pattern have been described in preterm children using digital image analysis of fundus photograph, optical coherence tomograph and serial funduscopy. We aimed to compare the optic nerve head parameters in preterm and term Malay children using Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph III. DESIGN A cross sectional study. M...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the Eye Retinopathy Trainer® as a teaching tool for direct ophthalmoscopy examination by comparing it with the traditional method using volunteers. METHODS Fourth year medical students received training in direct ophthalmoscopy using a simulation tool and human volunteers. Ninety students were randomized into a Simulation Group or a Control Group ...

purpose: to present a case of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (pxe) with ocular involvement and visual loss. case report: a 36 year old male presented with severe visual loss since 2 years ago. on funduscopy peau d’orange appearance and angioid streaks were evident. the diagnosis of pxe was confirmed by skin biopsy of papular lesions on the neck. conclusion:  ocular findings may be helpful in the diag...

BACKGROUND To compare the safety and efficacy of loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic ointment 0.5% (LE ointment), a new topical ointment formulation, with vehicle for the treatment of inflammation and pain following cataract surgery. METHODS Two randomized, multicenter, double-masked, parallel-group, vehicle-controlled studies were conducted. Patients aged ≥18 years with a combined postoperative...

A 65-year-old woman presented with sudden visual loss of 2 weeks’ duration in her right eye. She had a 20-year long history of systemic hypertension, ischemic heart disease and coronary artery angioplasty. Best-corrected visual acuity was counting fingers at 1m in her right eye and 20/30 in the left with trace positive relative afferent pupillary defect in the right eye. The only remarkable sli...

Introduction: Adie’s tonic pupil is a neuro ophthalmological disorder characterized by dilated pupil, which unresponsive to light. It caused damage postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic innervation eye. Recent events coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had suggested that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection (SARS-CoV-2) neurotropic and neuroinvasive capabili...