Modus Ponens is a key property for fuzzy implication functions that are going to be used in fuzzy inference processes. In this paper it is investigated when fuzzy implication functions derived from uninorms via residuation, usually called RU implications, satisfy the modus ponens with respect to a continuous t-norm T , or equivalently, when they are T -conditionals. For RU -implications it is p...

We give some simple examples of applying the well-known elementary probability theory inequalities and properties in field logical argumentation. A probabilistic version hypothetical syllogism inference rule is as follows: if propositions A, B, C, A→B, B→C have probabilities a, b, c, r, s, respectively, then for p A→C, we f(a,b,c,r,s)≤p≤g(a,b,c,r,s), functions f g given parameters. In this pape...

Using Generalized Modus Ponens reasoning, we examine the values of the inferred conclusion by using Fodor's implication in order to interpret a fuzzy if-then rule with a single input single output and the tnorm ( ) ( )( ) ( xy y x max y , x t ) λ λ − − + + = 1 1 , 1 − ≥ λ , for composition operation. This t-norm is important to use because for 1 − = λ and 0 = λ it gives the commonly used t-norm...

A comparative study of the implication functions and t-norms behavior when they are used as implication operators in the fuzzy control inference process is carried out in this paper. In order to do it, the widely studied application of the Inverted Pendulum is considered. Moreover, a comparison methodology of the different fuzzy logic controllers designed is defined with the purpose of get more...

The database of a rule-based systemmay contain imprecisionswhich appear in the description of the rules given by the expert. Because such an inference can not be made by the methods which use classical two valued logic or many valued logic, Zadeh in (Zadeh, 1975) and Mamdani in (Mamdani, 1977) suggested an inference rule called "compositional rule of inference". Using this inference rule, sever...

We consider a multiple-rule, generalized modus ponens inference scheme, with an interpretation based on compositional rule of inference (CRI) and a residuated implication. We show that such a system is equivalent, as far as CRI is concerned, to a system that satis5es the “basic requirement for fuzzy reasoning”, proposed by Turksen and Tian (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 58 (1993) 3–40). We establish a...

A fine-grained dual-process approach to conditional reasoning is advocated: Responses to conditional syllogisms are reached through the operation of either one of two systems, each of which can rely on two different mechanisms. System1 relies either on pragmatic implicatures or on the retrieval of information from semantic memory; System2 operates first through inhibition of System1, then (but ...

In this paper we investigate how the observation of symptoms which do not completely match a modeled fault can be used to find the most likely fault – and the degree to which this fault occurs. We start out by setting up fuzzy causal diagrams and then show how with the use of a proper operator the arcs of the causal diagram can be reversed. We introduce a graphical representation for fuzzy beli...

This paper deals with the CAPM-derived capital budgeting criterion, and in particular with Rubinstein’s (1973) criterion, according to which a project is profitable if the project rate of return is greater than the risk-adjusted cost of capital, where the latter depends on the project’s disequilibrium systematic risk. It is shown that the disequilibrium net present value implied by this criteri...