Biplane fluoroscopy is used for dynamic in vivo three-dimensional motion analysis of various joints of the body. Cross-scatter between the two fluoroscopy systems may limit tracking accuracy. This study measured the magnitude and effects of cross-scatter in biplane fluoroscopic images. Four cylindrical phantoms of 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-in. diameter were imaged at varying kVp levels to determine th...

We investigated an electronic portal image device (EPID)-based method to see whether it provides effective and accurate relative dose measurement at abutment leaves in terms of positional errors of the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) leaf position. A Siemens ONCOR machine was used. For the garden fence test, a rectangular field (0.2 20 cm) was sequentially irradiated 11 times at 2-cm intervals. Dev...

A self-consistent monitor unit (MU) and isocenter point-dose calculation method has been developed that provides an independent verification of the MU for intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using the MIMiC (Nomos Corporation) multileaf collimator. The method takes into account two unique features of IMRT using the MIMiC: namely the gantry-dynamic arc delivery of intensity modulated photon ...

The effect of gantry rotation on beam profiles of photon and electron beams is an important issue in quality assurance for radiotherapy. To address variations in the profiles of photon and electron beams at different gantry angles, a Dynamic Phantom scanner composed of a 20 x 12 x 6 cm3 scanning Lucite block was designed as a cross-beam-profile scanner. To our knowledge, differences between sca...

PURPOSE To evaluate the optimal parameters for the CT examination of patients who are having functional endoscopic sinus surgery. METHODS CT scanning was performed on two fresh cadaveric heads in the direct coronal plane, varying the section thickness, intersection gap, scanner gantry angle, and amperage. The nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were examined independently in a blinded fashion ...

This article presents an overview of pre-treatment verification of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs). Challenges to VMAT verification with EPIDs are discussed including EPID sag/flex during rotation, acquisition using cine-mode imaging, image artefacts during VMAT and determining the gantry angle for each image. The major methods that have be...

A method ofmeasuring femoral neck anteversion using a static B scanner has been described (Moulton and Upadhyay 1982). This study used dried femora in a waterbath and the results obtained were confirmed by direct measurement. Although the experimental scans were performed under direct vision it was assumed that the method would be accurate in vivo where similar images can only be obtained using...