Flow reactors can be used to adjust the composition of aerosol particles if at least one of the components is volatile. Of course, the necessary thermodynamic boundary conditions in particular a defined vapour pressure level over the surface (or a part of the surface) have to be maintained along the reactor. In the case of water as one of the most important aerosol components this condition can...

The plasma-based aerosol process developed for the direct coating of particles in gases with silicon oxide in a continuous chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is presented. It is shown that non-thermal plasma filaments induced in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at atmospheric pressure trigger post-DBD gas phase reactions. DBD operating conditions are first scanned to produce ozone and ...

in this paper, the present state of knowledge about axial mixing in gasliquid reactors is reviewed. a brief outline of the methods for measuring residence time distribution(rtd)of various phases in a multiphase reactor is presented. this is followed by a short description of differential and stage-wise models for characterizing back mixing from rtd measurments. backmixing characteristics of som...

Product inhibition of cellulolytic enzymes affects the efficiency of the biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol and other valuable products. New strategies that focus on reactor designs encompassing product removal, notably glucose removal, during enzymatic cellulose conversion are required for alleviation of glucose product inhibition. Supported by numerous calculations ...

Green, inexpensive, and robust copper-based heterogeneous catalysts achieve 100 % conversion and 99 % selectivity in the conversion of furfural to furfuryl alcohol when using cyclopentyl-methyl ether as green solvent and microwave reactors at low H2 pressures and mild temperatures. The utilization of pressurized microwave reactors produces a 3-4 fold increase in conversion and an unexpected enh...

Air-blown gasification of biomass in fluidized bed reactors produces relatively low concentrations of hydrogen. The combination of a catalyst and calcium-based sorbent is being developed to increase the efficiency of converting producer gas from biomass gasification into hydrogen. The conversion process entails reforming the methane and tar, and converting carbon monoxide into hydrogen by the w...

In hydrocracking and other foaming reactors, the foam rises to the top because it has a higher gas fraction than the bubbly mixture from which it comes. The high gas hold-up in foams is undesirable in chemical reactors because it strongly decreases the liquid residence time and in hydrocracking reactors also promotes the formation of coke. To study foams we built a cold slit bubble reactor whic...

Untreated shale oil, shale oil treated with HCl aqueous solution and shale oil treated with HCl and furfural were used to do comparative experiments in fixed bed reactors. Nitrogen compounds and condensed aromatics extracted by HCl and furfural were characterized by electrospray ionization Fourier transform cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, resp...

The aim of this work is to study the pollutants removal efficiency together with the catalyst activation temperature when a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) is placed downstream to a multi-plans Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) reactor. In order to simulate Diesel engine exhaust, synthetic gas mixtures containing N2, O2, H2O, CO2, CO, NO, and hydrocarbons (HCs) at controlled concentrations cou...

H(2)S and SO(2) are important characteristic gases of partial discharge (PD) generated by latent insulated defects in gas insulated switchgear (GIS). The detection of H(2)S and SO(2) is of great significance in the diagnosis and assessment of the operating status of GIS. In this paper, we perform experiments on the gas sensitivity of unmodified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and those mo...