BACKGROUND The authors conducted a study to assess the effects of custom-fitted mouthpieces on gas exchange parameters, including volume of oxygen consumption over time [corrected] (VO(2)), volume of oxygen consumption over time per kilogram of body weight [corrected] (VO(2) /kg) and volume of carbon dioxide production over time [corrected] (VO(2)). METHODS Sixteen physically fit college stud...

Introduction: The double pressure reserve (DPR) has recently been shown to have greater prognostic power than metabolic equivalents, heart rate indices, and systolic blood pressure in healthy subjects. It is unclear whether DPR offers any prognostic value in a heart failure population where variables derived from metabolic gas exchange data provide important prognostic information. Methods: Pat...

Bronchoprovocation with cysteinyl-leukotrienes (LTs) induces airflow obstruction and gas exchange abnormalities, namely ventilation-perfusion ratio (V'(A)/Q') imbalance. However, it is unknown which of the two different receptors for cysteinyl-LTs mediate these V'(A)/Q' disturbances. In a double-blinded, crossover design, 10 patients with mild asthma were randomised to receive an oral single do...

Most investigations of insect gas exchange patterns and the hypotheses proposed to account for their evolution have been based either on small-scale, manipulative experiments, or comparisons of a few closely related species. Despite their potential utility, no explicit, phylogeny-based, broad-scale comparative studies of the evolution of gas exchange in insects have been undertaken. This may be...

OBJECTIVE A retrospective cohort study was preformed aiming to verify the presence of transient dysfunction of gas exchange in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and determine if this disorder is linked to cardiorespiratory events. METHODS We included 942 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery and cardiac procedures who were referred to the Intensive Care Unit between June 2...

The importance of metabolic rate and/or spiracle modulation for saving respiratory water is contentious. One major explanation for gas exchange pattern variation in terrestrial insects is to effect a respiratory water loss (RWL) saving. To test this, we measured the rates of CO2 and H2O release ( and , respectively) in a previously unstudied, mesic cockroach, Aptera fusca, and compared gas exch...

a solution culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the salinity tolerance of 15 tomato genotypes in hoagland’s nutrient solution with three levels of nacl (0, 75, and 150 mm). the experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with three replicates. after 30 days of imposition of salt stress, gas exchange parameters including transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, co2 assimila...

Several studies have addressed plant primary physiological responses (gas exchange responses) to insect herbivory. However, relatively few plant species have been examined. It is unknown whether responses to leaf-mass removal by insects vary among plant families and species. Within the legumes, only alfalfa,Medicago sativaL., and soybean,Glycine max (L.)Merrill, have been examined. The goal of ...

The Japanese weatherloaeh (Misgmnus anguillicaudatus Cantor) can exchange gases both with water, via gills and skin, and with air, via the posterior region of the alimentary canal (intestine). Air breathing occurs by unidirectional ventilation of the alimentary canal with air taken in at the mouth and simultaneous expulsion of intestinal gas from the vent. Although the weatherloaeh is not an ob...

BACKGROUND The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is representative of daily life activities and reflects the functional capacity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Information on the cardiopulmonary and gas exchange responses to the 6MWT is limited. OBJECTIVES We aimed to analyze the breath-by-breath cardiopulmonary and gas exchange responses of patients with COPD during the ...