An understanding of gas transport in unsaturated media is important for evaluation of soil aeration or movement of O 2 from the atmosphere to the soil. Soil aeration is critical for plant root growth because roots generally cannot get enough O 2 from leaves. Evaluation of gas movement is also important for estimating transport of volatile and semivolatile organic compounds from contaminated sit...

We examined the morphological effects of cyclophosphamide (CPA) on placental development in pregnant rats. CPA was administered as a single dose to rats intraperitoneally at 0 mg/kg (the control group), 25 gestation day (GD) 12 GD 12-treated and 14 14-treated group). The fetal weight decreased CPA-treated groups, complete resorption from 17 onwards group, external malformations group. Histopath...

Experimental observations revealed that the stagnant zone, which forms in the lower central part of a blast furnace, is an important feature of solid flow, and that it is affected strongly by gas flow. However, it is difficult to model this feature within the framework of continuum mechanics without empirical or arbitrary treatments. This paper reports the use of discrete particle simulation fo...

Gas hydrates stored on continental shelves are susceptible to dissociation triggered by environmental changes. Knowledge of the timescales of gas hydrate dissociation and subsequent methane release are critical in understanding the impact of marine gas hydrates on the ocean-atmosphere system. Here we report a methane efflux chronology from five sites, at depths of 220-400 m, in the southwest Ba...

The drilling time data of gas logging are used to calculate drilling time ratio of the reservoir, and the total hydrocarbon data are used to calculate hydrocarbon contrast coefficient and to establish the drilling time ratio--hydrocarbon contrast coefficient crossplot. The standards of distinguishing the boundaries of hydrocarbon zones, hydrocarbonaceous water layers and dry layers are determin...

Gas drainage in deep coal seam is a critical issue ensuring the safety of mining and an important measure to obtain gas as kind clean available energy. In order get better understanding flow diffusion for seams, dual-zone model, including damage zone (DDZ) non-damaged (NDZ), are characterized by different permeability models anomalous analyze influence induced drilling boreholes on flow. The mo...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Daytime root-zone temperature may be a significant factor regulating water flux through plants. Water flux can also occur during the night but nocturnal stomatal response to environmental drivers such as root-zone temperature remains largely unknown. METHODS Here nocturnal and daytime leaf gas exchange was quantified in 'Shiraz' grapevines (Vitis vinifera) exposed to three...

The dissolution of invaded gas in the drilling fluid during results an increase invasion concealment. This is great significance for development acid reservoirs to determine solubility change and multiphase flow law annulus after by natural with high CO 2 content. In this study, control equations gas–liquid are established considering influence solubility. For prediction solubility, interaction...