The interface between a two-dimensional (2D) molecular gas and a 2D molecular solid has been imaged with a low-temperature, ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscope. The solid consists of benzene molecules strongly bound to step edges on a Cu{111} surface. Benzene molecules on the Cu{111} terraces move freely as a 2D gas at 77 kelvin. Benzene molecules transiently occupy well-defined adso...

production of lignocellulolytic enzymes by the thermotolerant fomes sp. eum1 was determined in solid cultures using corn stover (cs) as a sole substrate or supplemented with 20 % wheat bran (cs+wb). this supplementation increased (p< 0.05) enzymatic activity per gram of initial dry matter (gdm) for xylanases and cellulases: 160 iu g dm-1 and 37 iu g dm-1, respectively; while laccases reached a ...

a combined gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (gc–ms) with headspace solid-phase microextraction (hs-spme) method has been employed for the analysis of the flavor volatiles of some iranian rice cultivars (domsiah, deylamani, hashemi, shirodi and tarom). the samples were grown in different cities of mazandaran province. the sampling procedure and chromatographic conditions were same for all sa...

in the present work an attempt has been made to study the effect of the twisted tapes as bed internals, on the performance of the gas-solid fluidized beds. experimental investigation has been carried out in cylindrical column with and without twisted tapes. twelve numbers of twisted tapes of three different widths with four values of the twist ratios for each width were studied at different sta...

phosalone, malathion and diazinon were analyzed in corn oil using solid phase extraction (spe)with lanthanum silicate as a new solid sorbent followed by gas chromatography with nitrogenphosphorus detection (gc-npd). the efficiency of different eluents (methanol, dichloromethane,ethyl acetate, dichloromethane — ethyl acetate (1:1) and ethyl acetate — methanol (1:1)) werecompared for elution of o...

The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) emerged from the field of computational fluid dynamics as an alternative to Navier-Stokes based approaches. It has since been proven to be applicable also for the simulation of free surface flows (liquid-gas flow) and particulate flows (liquid-solid flow). In the past both algorithmss for free surface flows and particulate flows have been realized that preserv...

When solid materials and devices scale down in size, heat transfer from the active region to the gas environment becomes increasingly significant. We show that the heat transfer coefficient across the solid-gas interface behaves very differently when the size of the solid is reduced to the nanoscale, such as that of a single nanowire. Unlike for macroscopic solids, the coefficient is strongly p...

Two-phase continuum models have been used to describe the multiphase flow properties of solid-gas and solid-liquid mixtures. The approach is limited in that it requires many fitting functions and parameters to be determined empirically, and it does not provide natural explanations for some of the qualitative behavior of solid-fluid flow. In this report, we explore a more recent single-phase con...