We review recent examples of the burgeoning literature on three gases that have major impacts in biology and microbiology. NO, CO and H2S are now co-classified as endogenous gasotransmitters with profound effects on mammalian physiology and, potentially, major implications in therapeutic applications. All are well known to be toxic yet, at tiny concentrations in human and cell biology, play key...

1. To determine the ability of gaseous ozone to kill human pathogenic viruses, including Norovirus, in defined laboratory experimental conditions, and in situations resembling practical applications in cruise liners, hospitals and health-care facilities. 2. To determine the role of various parameters, including time and dose of ozone exposure, and relative humidity. 3. To develop an efficient, ...

Small number dust particle clusters can be used as probes for plasma diagnostics. The number of dust particles as well as cluster size and shape can be easily controlled employing a glass box placed within a Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC) rf reference chamber to provide confinement of the dust. The plasma parameters inside this box and within the larger plasma chamber have not yet been ad...

This work introduces a method of continuous particle separation through standing surface acoustic wave (SSAW)-induced acoustophoresis in a microfluidic channel. Using this SSAW-based method, particles in a continuous laminar flow can be separated based on their volume, density and compressibility. In this work, a mixture of particles of equal density but dissimilar volumes was injected into a m...

It has a pivotal role in medical science and in industry to concentrate the acoustic energy created with piezoelectric transducers (PTs) into a specific area. However, previous researches seldom consider the focal resolution, whose focal size is much larger than one wavelength. Furthermore, there is to date no such design method of PTs that allows a large degree of freedom to achieve designed f...

An intensive care nurse with eczema was repeatedly treated for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage. Because cultures remained positive for MRSA, her house was investigated. Thirty-four percent of environmental samples yielded MRSA. Her children and cat were free of MRSA. The house was decontaminated with gaseous ozone. All subsequent cultures were negative for MRSA. This...

Recent studies indicated that gaseous halogens mediate key tropospheric chemical processes. The inclusion of halogen-ozone chemistry in atmospheric box models actually closes the approximately 50% gap between estimated and measured ozone losses in the marine boundary layer. The additional source of gaseous halogens is deemed to involve previously unaccounted for reactions of O(3)(g) with sea su...

The source of N(2)O produced in soil is often uncertain because denitrification and nitrification can occur simultaneously in the same soil aggregate. A technique which exploits the differential sensitivity of these processes to C(2)H(2) inhibition is proposed for distinguishing among gaseous N losses from soils. Denitrification N(2)O was estimated from 24-h laboratory incubations in which nitr...