changes that took place from the early Victorian to the modem age. The perception of a divinely designed world was transformed to that of a godless universe, and in the process Huxley famously coined "agnosticism". Desmond follows Bernard Lightman in ascribing religious qualities to Huxley's agnosticism. Specifically and most intriguingly, he characterizes Huxley as a Cromwellian Calvinist, rel...

Numerical solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations, such as the generalized and extended Burgers-Huxley equations which combine effects of advection, diffusion, dispersion and nonlinear transfer are considered in this paper. Such system can be divided into linear and nonlinear parts, which allow the use of two numerical approaches. Higher order finite difference schemes are employe...

The present article is concerned with the numerical solution of Benjamin-BonaMahony-Burgers (BBM-Burger) equation by quartic B-spline collocation method. The method is based on quartic B-spline basis functions for space integration, and Crank-Nicolson formulation for time integration. Numerical examples considered by different researchers are discussed to illustrate the efficiency, robustness a...

In this study, we try to implant chaotic features into the learning algorithm of self-organizing map. We call this concept as Chaotic SOM (CHAOSOM). As a first step to realize CHAOSOM, we consider the case that learning rate and neighboring coefficient of SOM are refreshed by chaotic pulses generated by the Hodgkin-Huxley equation. We apply the CHAOSOM to solve a traveling salesman problem and ...

The Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) is used to solve the Burgers-Huxley non-linear differential equations. Three case study problems of Burgers-Huxley are solved using the HPM and the exact solutions are obtained. The rapid convergence towards the exact solutions of HPM is numerically shown. Results show that the HPM is efficient method with acceptable accuracy to solve the Burgers-Huxley eq...

Background: Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is an aromatic herb; rich source of citric, vitamin C, and phenolic compounds used as natural antioxidant and antibacterial agents in food processing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lemongrass extract on the quality properties of chicken burger during frozen storage. Methods: Lemongrass extract was prepared with three levels (0.5, 1.0, a...

By application of matched asymptotic expansions, a simplified partial differential equation (PDE) model for the dynamic electrochemical processes occurring in the vicinity of a membrane, as ions selectively permeate across it, is formally derived from the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations of electrochemistry. It is demonstrated that this simplified model reduces itself, in the limit of a long thi...