With the help of GPS and measuring instrument of soil moisture, soil moisture was measured and analyzed. As using Geo-statistics to the study of spatial variability of soil moisture and use ArcGIS 9.0, get the spatial distribution map of soil water property with Kriging interpolation. The research result showed that all soil spatial characters are normal distribution and the spatial distributio...

The primary models of interest for areal data analysis are regression models. In the same way that geo-regression models were used to study relations among continuous-data attributes of selected point locations (such as the California rainfall example), the present spatial regression models are designed to study relations among attributes of areal units (such as the English Mortality example in...

Most of the environmental problems have an obvious spatial dimension and Geographic Information System (GIS) are widely used for solving environmental problems. Service oriented architecture in distributed computing environment with loosely coupled geo-services is a new approach for using GIS services in environmental modeling. The messages exchanged must follow a set of standard protocols whic...

An uncertain geo-spatial dataset is a collection of geo-spatial objects that do not represent accurately real-world entities. Each object has a confidence value indicating how likely it is for the object to be correct. Uncertain data can be the result of operations such as imprecise integration, incorrect update or inexact querying. A k-route, over an uncertain geo-spatial dataset, is a path th...

Geo-referenced information is used by a growing number of “spatially-aware” tools in different application areas, including tourism, marketing, environmental management, and mobile location based services. To support such applications, methods for “spatially-aware” information retrieval that do not only consider the thematic, but also the spatial relevance of information items are needed. In ad...

Today's geo-information systems are closed systems mainly supporting geographic tasks in 2D space. In new spatial application areas such as environmental research, geology, city planning or telecommunications, however, a database and processing support for 3D/4D objects is required. Thus the development of object-oriented 3D/4D modeling and data handling components for geoinformation systems is...