this paper tries to systematically survey, with taking theoretical view on geomorphic basin and its changes into account. the purpose of this research is to determine the balance and stability of geomorphic basins from the past to present and then to future. consequently, it tries to determine the balance between energy and input-output materials for example (rainfall , solar radiation, tectoni...

The increasing frequency and/or severity of extreme climate events are becoming increasingly apparent over multidecadal timescales at the global scale, albeit with relatively low scientific confidence. At the regional scale, scientific confidence in the future trends of extreme event likelihood is stronger, although the trends are spatially variable. Confidence in these extreme climate risks is...

Past activity of geomorphic processes can be reconstructed on tree-ring series using the presence of injuries, reaction wood or abrupt changes in the annual increment. The analysis of these features provides valuable data on years with process activity. In contrast, an intra-annual dating has so far normally only been possible through the analysis of injuries. In this technical note, it is show...

The cryosphere contains a rich archive of the climate record, and is an important part of the global hydrological cycle. The investigation of the glacial behaviour informs our understanding of the forces that have shaped landscapes in glaciated terrains, and is key to developing understanding of past and future climate change and global climate teleconnections. Numerical modelling of glacial sy...

The paper reviews a set of soil surveys carried out in Iran using a geopedologic approach for different surveying aims in different scales. Most of these studies have implemented a similar survey method including the following steps: delineation of landforms from air photos using geomorphic and soil-landscape relationships, field check of the delineations, sample areas inventory with soils clas...

Introduction: The geology of Terby Crater (28S, 287W), located on the northern rim of Hellas impact basin on Mars, is documented through geomorphic and stratigraphic analyses using all currently released visible and thermal infrared image data and topographic information. This large (D=164km), Noachian-aged [1] crater has a suite of geomorphic units [2] and landforms including massive troughs a...

The Kangerlussuaq area of southwest Greenland encompasses diverse ecological, geomorphic, and climate gradients that function over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Ecosystems range from the microbial communities on the ice sheet and moisture-stressed terrestrial vegetation (and their associated herbivores) to freshwater and oligosaline lakes. These ecosystems are linked by a dynamic glac...

The hydrology of a river basin interacts with its geomorphic form. Despite significant advances in hydrological modeling, the dynamic interactions between geomorphic, hydrologic and ecological processes are not adequately captured at the basin scale. There is a need for advanced modeling tools that address both runoff and erosion prediction in sufficient spatial and temporal detail for explorin...

The main objective of this study was to investigate ecologically healthy regions near a dam reservoir. This study developed a model for assessing habitat suitability as a proxy for the ecological value of reservoirs. Three main factors comprising nine assessment variables were selected and classified as having a habitat suitability (HS) between 0 and 1: (1) geomorphic factors of altitude, slope...

The understanding of geomorphic processes and knowledge of past events are important tasks for the assessment of natural hazards. Tree rings have on varied occasions proved to be a reliable tool for the acquisition of data on past events. In this review paper, we provide an overview on the use of tree rings in natural hazards research, starting with a description of the different types of distu...