Objective Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide and today this pesticide is mostly used in agriculture. In this study, we analyzed the effects of diazinon and vitamin E on apoptosis and the proliferation of germ cells in rat testis. MaterialsAndMethods In this experimental study 30 male wistar rats, were divided into five groups (N=6). Control, sham (received olive oil), experimental group 1...

nowadays, production of recombinant proteins in eukaryotes is gaining good deal of attention. transgenic chicken as a eukaryotic system has a high potential for producing recombinant proteins. post-translational changes, especially glycosylation, are characteristic of the eukaryotic proteins. in practice we need to choose a proper expressing host when considering over-expression of a recombinan...

In some species such as flies, worms, frogs and fish, the key to forming and maintaining early germ cell populations is the assembly of germ plasm, microscopically distinct egg cytoplasm that is rich in RNAs, RNA-binding proteins and ribosomes. Cells which inherit germ plasm are destined for the germ cell lineage. In contrast, in mammals, germ cells are formed and maintained later in developmen...

The germ line is unique in that highly specialised cells must be formed while retaining genomic totipotency. In mice, germ cells are derived from the pluripotent epiblast cells under the influence of inductive signals. This specification event involves reactivation or maintenance of core regulators of pluripotency, activation of germ line specific genetic programs, silencing of somatic cell pro...

In Drosophila, the sex of germ cells is determined by cell-autonomous and inductive signals. XY germ cells autonomously enter spermatogenesis when developing in a female host. In contrast, XX germ cells non-autonomously become spermatogenic when developing in a male host. In first instar larvae with two X chromosomes, XX germ cells enter the female or the male pathway depending on the presence ...