نتایج جستجو برای: global warming and climate changes
تعداد نتایج: 17003098 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
A key challenge for climate science is predicting how the global-mean temperature will respond to anticipated changes in ra-diative forcing produced by human activities, such as emissions of long-lived greenhouse gases and other pollutants. While the practical effects of climate change will be felt locally and involve other variables besides surface temperature, the overall strength and signifi...
Whether climate change will turn cold biomes from large long-term carbon sinks into sources is hotly debated because of the great potential for ecosystem-mediated feedbacks to global climate. Critical are the direction, magnitude and generality of climate responses of plant litter decomposition. Here, we present the first quantitative analysis of the major climate-change-related drivers of litt...
reproduced by historical simulations with anthropogenic and natural forcings, but are absent if only natural forcings are considered, pointing to new potential fingerprints of anthropogenic warming. These results suggest a fundamental pattern of global warming over land that depend on the dryness of ecosystems in midand lowlatitudes, likely reflecting primarily the first order large-scale therm...
Climate models vary widely in their projections of both global mean temperature rise and regional climate changes, but are there any systematic differences in regional changes associated with different levels of global climate sensitivity? This paper examines model projections of climate change over the twenty-first century from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Re...
Background: Due to the greenhouse gases emission caused by human activities there is wide agreement about global warming. Methane is one of the most dangerous greenhouse gases in the global warming process which is produced through human activities and natural processes. In addition, the use of fertilizers and chemical pesticides would produce nitrogen monoxide in the atmosphere. This gas is an...
Geoengineering (the intentional modification of Earth's climate) has been proposed as a means of reducing CO2-induced climate warming while greenhouse gas emissions continue. Most proposals involve managing incoming solar radiation such that future greenhouse gas forcing is counteracted by reduced solar forcing. In this study, we assess the transient climate response to geoengineering under a b...
The distribution of modern symbiont-bearing larger foraminifera is confined to tropical and subtropical shallow water marine habitats and a narrow range of environmental variables (e.g. temperature). Most of today's taxa are restricted to tropical and subtropical regions (between 30°N and 30°S) and their minimum temperature limits are governed by the 14 to 20°C isotherms. However, during times ...
Global scale forecasts of range shifts in response to global warming have provided vital insight into predicted species redistribution. We build on that insight by examining whether local warming will affect habitat on spatiotemporal scales relevant to regional agencies. We used generalized additive models to quantify the realized habitat of 46 temperate/boreal marine species using 41+ years of...
It has been widely noted that sea ice retreats faster in summer than winter in the Northern Hemisphere, both in observations and in projections from state-of-the-art climate models. Explanations for why the wintertime sea ice cover should be less sensitive to global warming have been proposed. However, in the Southern Hemisphere sea ice retreats fastest in winter in climate model projections. H...
In recent years the frequency of cloud burst has increased tremendously and global temperature rise is considered to be among the major causes for the devastating flood. The mean temperature of the earth has increased 0.75° C since nineteenth century, which resulted in faster evaporation rate from high altitude glacial lakes, an important causes of frequent cloud burst in the high altitude regi...
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