The transport and metabolism of glutamine (GLN) and glutamate (GLU) during fetal development exhibit unique characteristics that clearly emphasize the importance of the interaction between the placenta and the fetal liver. GLN is delivered into the fetal circulation at a rate that is the highest of all the amino acids. In contrast, ;90% of fetal plasma GLU is extracted by the placenta. Converse...

Vegetation in free range rearing systems can be obtained from grass or legumes. The aims of this study was to investigate the effect different vegetation on peatlands plasma metabolites kampung chickens, including concentration cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides (TG), and glucose (GLU). This experimental used two hundred ten chickens with a completely randomized design 4 treatments 5 replications...

Accumulating evidence suggests that the amino acid glutamate (Glu) may play a role in mediating immune function. The demonstration of Glu receptors (GluR) and Glu transporters (GluT) on a variety of immune cells suggests that Glu has a functional role in immunoregulation well beyond its role as a neurotransmitter. The extracellular Glu concentration plays a key role in the regulation of GSH syn...

The amino acid sequence of Chromatium ferredoxin was determined by studies of thermolysin peptides of S-carboxymethylcysteinylferredoxin and chymotryptic peptides of oxidized ferredoxin. The 81 amino acid residues in the molecule have the following sequence: Ala-Leu-Met-IleThr-Asp-Gln-Cys-Ile-Asn-Cys-Asn-Val-Cys-Gln-ProGlu-Cys-Pro-Asn-Gly-Ala-Ile-Ser-Gln-Gly-Asp-Glu-ThrTyr-Val-Ile-Glu-Pro-Ser-L...

Background: Glucose transporter (Glut), a cellular transmembrane receptor, has a key role in the metabolism of cell glucose and is also associated with various human carcinomas.Objective: In this study, we evaluated a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent for tumor detection based on paramagnetic gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) coated polycyclodextrin (PCD) and mod...

Many cell types contain a subset of long-lived, 'stable' microtubules that differ from dynamic microtubules in that they are enriched in post-translationally detyrosinated tubulin (Glu-tubulin). Elevated Glu tubulin does not stabilize the microtubules and the mechanism for the stability of Glu microtubules is not known. We used detergent-extracted cell models to investigate the nature of Glu mi...

The transport and metabolism of glutamine (GLN) and glutamate (GLU) during fetal development exhibit unique characteristics that clearly emphasize the importance of the interaction between the placenta and the fetal liver. GLN is delivered into the fetal circulation at a rate that is the highest of all the amino acids. In contrast, approximately 90% of fetal plasma GLU is extracted by the place...

l-Glutamate (Glu) activates at least eight different G protein-coupled receptors known as metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, which mostly act regulators of synaptic transmission. These consist two domains: an extracellular domain in agonists bind and a transmembrane heptahelix region involved protein activation. Although new mGlu receptor antagonists have been described, few are selective...