With the aim of analyzing their protective function against chilling-induced injury, the pools of glutathione and its precursors, cysteine (Cys) and gamma-glutamyl-Cys, were increased in the chilling-sensitive maize (Zea mays) inbred line Penjalinan using a combination of two herbicide safeners. Compared with the controls, the greatest increase in the pool size of the three thiols was detected ...

A full-length cDNA (Hv-GR) whose transcript accumulation increased in response to infection by Blumeria graminis DC.f.sp. tritici (Bgt) was isolated from Haynaldia villosa. Southern analysis revealed a single copy of Hv-GR present in H. villosa. This gene encodes a glutathione reductase (GR) with high similarity to chloroplastic GRs from other plant species. Chloroplastic localization of Hv-GR ...

Reports on stress response of tobacco expressing a bacterial glutathione reductase (GR) do not agree. To clarify this situation we investigated several parameters using the tobacco BelW3 line and its transformant BelW3gor expressing an E. coli GR. This alteration in the activity of GR led to an ambiguous modification of the antioxidative system. In contrast to the wild type, the transgenic toba...

Infection of tomato leaves with the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea resulted in substantial changes in enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle as well as in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione transferase (GST), and l-galactono-gamma-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH) activities. In the initial phase of the 5 d experiment CuZ...

The ascorbate-glutathione (ASC-GSH) cycle has an important role in defensive processes against oxidative damage generated by drought stress. In this study, the changes that take place in apoplastic and symplastic ASC-GSH cycle enzymes of the leaf and petiole were investigated under drought stress causing leaf rolling in Ctenanthe setosa (Rose.) Eichler (Marantaceae). Apoplastic and symplastic e...

Environmental pollution occurs in nature as air, soil and water a result it affects whole ecosystem including human beings. Although industrialization technological developments have made life easier than before, recent years, they triggered environmental pollution. Cadmium, which is toxic pollutant for all living things, one of the most important element heavy metal pollutants. In this study, ...

An elevated level of serum urea and creatinine was observed in doxorubicin (DOX) treated animals indicating DOX-induced nephrotoxicity. Enhanced lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the renal tissue was accompanied by a significant decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) activities. Administration of lycopene (LycT)...

Erythrocytes are excellent models for the study of interactions of xenobiotics with biomembranes. Present work is designed to study the in vitro effects of some organophosphates (ethion, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate and monocrotophos) on rat erythrocytes. Treatment of erythrocytes with organophosphates resulted in decreased erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) activity, whereas ac...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the activities of the main antioxidative enzymes and oxidative stress in women with depressive disorder (DD). METHODS In 35 drug-naive women with DD and 35 age matched healthy women enzymes superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), glutathione reductase (GR) and paraoxonase (PON1), concentrations of conjugated dienes (CD), reduced...

This work examined the enzymatic (superoxide dismutase-CuZn SOD, catalase-CAT, glutathione peroxidase-GSHPx, glutathione reductase-GR, and the biotransformation phase II enzyme glutathione-S-transferase-GST) and nonenzymatic (total glutathione-GSH and lipid peroxides-TBARS concentrations) biomarkers of oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the blood of the grass snake (Na...