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There are two moral ethical dichotomies in healthcare: consequentialism versus deontology and individualism versus collectivism. When the physician is faced with the dilemma of deciding between one versus many, he often has to resort to the principle of promoting the greatest good for the greatest number, or the principle of maximizing utility. Utilitarianianism is the creed which accepts as th...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the perception of images of real-world scenes in patients with amblyopia and to compare their performance with that of visually normal participants by viewing conditions (monocular vs binocular) and by treatment outcomes (successfully vs unsuccessfully treated vs normal eyes). METHODS Thirty-nine healthy and 26 amblyopic individuals who had undergone previous amblyop...

The tempo with which C57BL/6 females reject male skin isografts is determined in part by the immunogenicity of the H-Y antigen and in part by the capacity of the host to respond immunologically. Our studies indicate that the spleen plays an important role in determining the briskness of the rejection process in that splenectomy 7-30 days before grafting with male skin significantly shortens the...

During differentiation in a thymus, T lymphocytes learn to recognize self alloantigens determined by the H-2 major histocompatibility complex. This imposes certain genetic restrictions on lymphocyte interaction during T cell-mediated immune responses (1-3). For example, antigen-specific helper T cells acquire a binding capacity not only for a given foreign antigen but also for Ia alloantigens o...