Geographic routing is a well established solution for scaling in large wireless ad-hoc networks. A fundamental issue is forwarding packets around voids to reach destinations in networks with sparse topologies. All general known solutions need first to get into a dead end, at link level, to be able afterwards to apply a recovery algorithm. These techniques can lead to very inefficient forwarding...

In recent days, vehicles usage and speed are highly increased that leads to an increase in energy consumption, delay, overhead the network. this paper, a novel trajectory is introduced achieve maximum reliability namely trust mobility-based evaluation for intelligent collaborative (TMIC)-UAVs assisted VANETs. Reactive multipath greedy routing protocol (RMGR) hybrid it combination of ad hoc on-d...

Geographic (or geometric) routing is known for routing messages in greedy manner. It means that the current node selects a neighbor node that is closest to the destination and forwards the message to it. Despite its simplicity and general efficiency, this strategy alone does not guarantee delivery of message due to the existence of local minima (or dead ends). If we want to overcome local minim...

The recent availability of small, inexpensive low power GPS receivers and techniques for finding relative coordinates based on signal strengths, and the need for the design of power efficient and scalable networks, provided justification for applying position based routing methods in ad hoc networks. A number of such algorithms were developed recently. They are all based on three greedy schemes...

Large scale decentralized communication systems have introduced the new trend towards online routing where routing decisions are performed based on a limited and localized knowledge of the network. Geometrical greedy routing has been among the simplest and most common online routing schemes. A perfect geometrical routing scheme is expected to deliver each packet to the point in the network that...

Greedy embedding is a graph embedding that makes the simple greedy geometric packet forwarding successful for every source-destination pair. It is desirable that graph embeddings also yield low hop overhead (stretch) of the greedy paths over the corresponding shortest paths. In this paper we study how topological and geometric properties of embedded graphs influence the hop stretch. Based on th...

VANET have recently been the topic of extensive research due to its wide range of applications and unique characteristics. Routing is very important issue in VANET. Greedy forwarding is one of the most suitable solutions for routing in VANET. Due to its high mobility and frequent changing velocities of vehicles, greedy forwarding protocols are known to be more suitable and useful to VANET. In t...

Geographic routing algorithms for ad-hoc networks exhibit better scalability compared to topology-based routing algorithms. However, geographic routing algorithms assume a cooperative network setting for ad-hoc networks. In this paper, we present TGF, a truthful geographic forwarding algorithm for ad-hoc networks that consist of selfish nodes. These selfish nodes forward data packets from other...

Routing protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) have been extensively studied for more than fifteen years. Position-based routing protocols route packets towards the destination using greedy forwarding (i.e., an intermediate node forwards packets to a neighbor that is closer to the destination than itself). Different position-based protocols use different strategies to pick the neighbor t...